【Abstract】: During World War II, behind the Manhattan campaign that threw atomic bombs at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, the United States had formulated an Olympic battle plan: If Japan does not surrender and continues to resist stubbornly, in mid-October 1945, the United States will throw 5,400 poison gas bombs in the northeast of Tokyo, Japan, and 110,000 tons of poison gas bombs will be thrown in 33 places in Kyushu, Japan on October 29. At that time, the entire Japan will be filled with mustard gas, phosgene and other poison gases.

In early 1945, the world anti-fascist war had entered its final stage, and Germany was about to collapse, but Japan was still struggling to death. Therefore, the United States began to step up its landing plan against Japan.

In April 1945, the US military had basically completed the final revision of the Japanese landing combat plan. The combat plan was called "Olympic Operation".

According to the plan, on November 1, 1945, the 40th Infantry Division of the U.S. Army and the 158th Regiment Combat Team will land on the island on the west coast of Kyushu, and then the offensive troops of the 9th division of the U.S. Army will start landing at three landing sites in Kyushu and directly attack Tokyo.

To cooperate with this battle, the 3rd Fleet of the US military was responsible for dealing with transportation, aircraft and airports between Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu in Japan. At the same time, the US Fifth Fleet and the 7th Fleet were also involved in the battle along the coast of Kyushu, Japan, plus two aircraft carrier brigades, British aircraft carrier forces, anti-submarine brigades and logistics brigades, as well as amphibious landing ships, minesweepers and support ships.

The US Air Force will use bombers and fighter jets to bomb railways and roads to cut off Japanese reinforcements.

During this battle, the United States will use 1,371 transport ships, cargo ships, landing ships, and transport 680,000 officers and soldiers and more than 60,000 tanks to the coast of Japan. It is estimated that the number of people the U.S. military will have to deal with in the entire Olympic battle will reach at least 250,000, or as many as 1 million. To this end, on June 9, 1945, the head of the Chemical Warfare Logistics Department (CWS) of the Army Headquarters responsible for the development and production of biochemical weapons, and the United States submitted a report to the Minister of Chemical Warfare Logistics called "Feasibility Study on the Use of Poison Gas in the Olympic Battle". This is a report studying Japanese city targets suitable for the US military to release poison gas.

The report stated that "there are at least 50 urban industrial targets suitable for toxic gases within a range of 10 square miles (25.9 square kilometers) south of Tokyo, Japan. 25 of them are particularly suitable for toxic gas warfare. It is estimated that gas attacks on these 25 urban streets within 250 square miles according to the scale and intensity set forth in the report can easily annihilate 5 million people from the enemy country and cause more than 5 million people to be harmed."

The report also lists Japanese cities suitable for the United States to engage in gas warfare, including Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Kobe, Hachiman (including Wakamatsu, Toda Okura), Yokohama, Kawasaki, Hiroshima, Fukuoka, Nagasaki, Yokosuka, Ahrasaki, Omuta, Saseo, Niigata, Monji, Kyoto, Toyohashi, Shizuoka, Wakayama, Jetsu, Gifu, Okayama, Shizuoka and other 25 cities.

Below, this article focuses on the information from the National Library of the United States, the History Information Room of the Aberdeen Experimental Field, and the Roosevelt Library. Referring to the research of the United States, we will disclose all the inside information about the United States' plan to fight the Japanese gas war.

From sanctions to preemptive

The US military has long planned to carry out a poison gas war against the Japanese army and has already begun to prepare. US President Roosevelt issued a warning statement to Japan twice about the poison gas war.

The United States has confirmed that the Japanese invaders used the lethal erosion gas mustard gas (toxic gas used by Germany in World War I) and Louis poison gas on a considerable scale in Yichang, China in October 1941, and intercepted the information that the Japanese army would continue to use poison gas after they were dispensed in Yichang.

US President Roosevelt first warned the Japanese government on June 5, 1942: "If Japan continues to use this inhumane war against China or other UN member states, our government will determine that similar actions will also be taken against the United States, and we may impose the maximum sanctions on Japan in the same way."

On June 8, 1943, President Roosevelt warned for the second time: "No matter what poison gas is used by the Axis powers, it may immediately incur the maximum possible revenge of the Allies against ammunition centers, seaports and other military targets in all areas of the Axis powers."

These two warnings are equivalent to a formal statement that the United States does not use poison gas first, but if Japan and other countries use poison gas, the United States will implement the maximum blow to their military targets.

Soon, in response to the statement of US President Roosevelt, the legend that the United States would use poison gas began to spread in the US military. It was the earliest CWS Chief Pota submitted a submission to Lieutenant General McNaney, the Army Headquarters on December 17, 1943. In this submission, Pota made two claims.

One claim is that "the Japanese army repeatedly uses poison gas on China. We cannot give up the right to impose sanctions on Japan. The initiative is in the United Nations. The United Nations should immediately decide to implement a poison gas war against Japan."

Pota collected information intercepted by CWS and listed dozens of examples of the Japanese army using poison gas in China and other regions after 1937. Two of them were the Japanese invaders used erosive gas in Yichang, China in 1941, and also spread erosive gas in the Taihang Mountains in Shanxi, China in 1942. The erosive gases were both confirmed lethal gases in Japan.

The Japanese army also deployed vomiting gases called "red" (denoting danger) in many other areas. A typical example is the use of cyanoic acid gas on Guadalcanal Island in the Pacific in January 1943 and the use of cyanoic acid bombs on the southern bank of the Yellow River in Shanxi Province, China in April of the same year.

The poison gas was used on Guadalcanal Island by an independent Japanese army on a very small scale, and there were no casualties. Navy Fleet Commander Kings and Army Chief of Staff Marshall both reiterated that the United States would not use this as a legitimate reason for the United States to retaliate. However, the poison gas used on the south bank of the Yellow River in Shanxi Province, China has not been confirmed by the US military.

The report also lists more than a dozen examples of Japanese military discharging poison gases obtained based on news communications from November 4 to December 13, 1943. The report claims that the United States' use of poison gas is self-defense and that the United States has the right to retaliate and punish Japan.

Another claim made by Pota in the report was to save the lives of US soldiers. He pointed out that in November 1943, the US military dropped 3,000 tons of high-performance bombs in the Pedio landing battle on Kiribati Island, the landing battle could not be easily successful. The battle lasted only four days, and nearly 4,000 casualties were killed or killed. Pota said that if it were in the same place where the Japanese army stubbornly resisted, as long as 900 tons of mustard gas bombs were dropped, the US military could occupy the island without any damage.

At that time, Pota concluded in the report: "If used properly, the poison gas can end the war in the Pacific as soon as possible, so as to avoid losing more American soldiers in the war."

He pointed out that due to the reasons why the Japanese army used poison gas in China and Asia and the increasing casualties of the US military, the US public opinion asked the US military to use poison gas on the Japanese army. He advocated: "Because the Japanese army continues to use poison gas, the huge sacrifices of the US military and the stimulus of the brutality of the Japanese army, and the pressure of social public opinion, it may be a matter of time sooner or later to engage in a poison gas war in the Pacific."

Therefore, Pota's opinion clearly stated that the poison gas war was to impose sanctions on Japan's use of poison gas in China and Asia, and to reduce the number of casualties of the US military. Moreover, the opinion stated that in order to reduce the number of casualties of the US military, the United States must take the initiative and use poison gas first.

No moral objection

After discussion by the staff at the Operations Department of the Army Headquarters, it was too early to use poison gas. Director General T-Handy summarized the opinions of the Operations Department in this way on December 27, 1943: Once the poison gas war begins, it will be uncontrollable. The use of poison gas on Japan may induce Germany to use poison gas on a large scale, posing a threat to the landing battle on the European continent carried out by the Allies, because if the defense uses poison gas, it will become a very effective defense method. Therefore, Germany cannot give a verbal explanation for the use of poison gas.

The United States can use poison gas because American citizens are almost in danger of retaliation, but this is not the case in the allies, namely Britain, Australia, the former Soviet Union, and China. At the same time, the preparations for large-scale poison gas wars in the Pacific will lead to problems such as the maintenance of large-scale troops and large numbers of transport ships and chemical warfare ammunition.

Therefore, the reason why "it was too early to use poison gas" is only a strategic reason. It is remarkable that because the Japanese invaders in China used poison gas and bacteria in China and the German army used poison gas to massacre Jews. When the US military submitted this report on the implementation of poison gas war, no one objected to the "morally inhumane war against poison gas war."

Soon, the argument that poison gas is not suitable for strategic use is about to disappear with Germany's impending surrender.

However, at this moment, the two actions taken by the Japanese government in early 1944 unexpectedly prompted the US military to decide to launch a devastating blow to Japan, formally carry out the formulation of the Olympic combat plan and prepare for the poisonous gas war against Japan, and set the number of the Japanese poisonous gas war, that is, the Olympic battle plan, as "JCS825".

The Japanese government conveyed concerns to the United States about the public opinion that the United States was preparing to use poison gas to Japan through the International Red Cross. At the same time, the Japanese envoy also met with the French King of Rome and entrusted him to convey to the United States that Japan would never use poison gas, and demanded a clear reply from the United States.

The promise of the Japanese envoy also included the content of "the Japanese army has never used poison gas in China". The US military staff headquarters has confirmed that this promise through intelligence is extremely dishonest, so it issued another statement from US President Rover and concluded in April that there was no need to make too many statements.

Afterwards, the US military immediately discovered that the preparations for heavy blows against Japan in the US president's statement were not sufficient, so Army Aviation Force Commander Arnold proposed this as a memorandum to the US military's General Staff Headquarters in June, so the preparations for the Japanese gas war accelerated.

Equipped with 110,000 tons of poison gas bombs

In August 1944, the end date of preparations for the retaliation of the war against Japan was set as January 1, 1945.

However, by 1945, if the US military cannot reach a position that can launch a strategic gas attack on Japan, that is, strategically use gas in China, the Philippines and other countries, the citizens of the allied countries will suffer even more severe disasters. Therefore, the US military decided to re-discuss the combat plan for the gas war.

In October 1944, after another discussion, the U.S. Military Staff Headquarters finally decided that the end date of preparation for a strategic poison gas war on Japan, including the Okinawa Islands and Ogasawara Islands, will be set on April 1, 1945, and the end date of preparation for a strategic poison gas war on the Japanese army in Asia and the Pacific region will be set on January 1, 1945.

At the same time, the US military staff headquarters also formulated an outline of the combat plan. Strategic bombing mainly involves the B-29 and B-25 aircraft dropping poison gas bombs, and the most concentrated bombing was carried out in the first 15 days. In the first month, 23,340 tons of non-persistent poison gas bombs (asphyxia phosgene, etc.), 6,280 tons of non-persistent poison gas bombs of 500 pounds, and 23,280 tons of 100 pounds of persistent poison gas bombs of 23,280 tons of 100 pounds of persistent poison gas bombs of 23,280 tons of.

In order to enable various orders to reach the commands of the US Army in the Pacific War, and to enable the US military to carry out the gas war immediately on the end of the preparations for the poison gas war, a decision was also made to allocate the gas bombs to the front commander in the annex of the December 14th of the combat plan. However, due to the delays in various preparations, especially the full commitment to Germany's surrender and the emergency transport of the army, on March 5, 1945, the U.S. Military Staff Headquarters instructed to re-discuss the preparations for the poison gas war.

By April 1945, the Olympic combat plan had been basically formulated. The German fascists surrendered on May 7, 1945. Therefore, after confirming, the US military staff headquarters again determined the policy of "setting the end date of preparations as November 1, 1945, producing sufficient gas bombs to be used to carry out retaliatory gas wars at any time from this day."

According to this policy, it is stipulated that before the end of the preparations for the poison gas war, 113,500 tons of poison gas bombs can be installed in the Pacific, the Chinese theater, for the Kyushu landing war in Japan, which started on November 1, 1945, which is called the "Olympic Campaign".

Kyushu launches a gas attack before landing

When the US Military Staff Headquarters formulated this policy, it adopted a sanction in accordance with the spirit of the statement of US President Roosevelt, that is, if Japan remains obsessed with it and continues to use poison gas, it will impose poison gas sanctions on Japan. The preparations for the US gas war officially kicked off.

However, as mentioned above, Japan has indirectly stated to the United States that it would not use poison gas bombs first. According to the analysis of the "Olympic Campaign Plan", Japan did not dare to use poison gas bombs rashly except for its last desperate bet. Even at the last moment of the war, even though Japan was trapped in the beasts, it is estimated that they would not dare to use poison gas bombs on the United States.

Despite this, the intelligence intercepted by the US military proved that due to the demise of German fascism, Japan's troops in China and Southeast Asia had entered a state of madness, and began to destroy the poison gas and bacteria equipment built there, massacre prisoners there, and based on various signs, the Japanese army was still distributing poison gas and bacteria in those areas. Therefore, the preparations for the US military's poison gas war are still in full swing.

At this time, due to the preparations for the Olympic Battle, the ability of the troop station reached its limit. Based on the analysis of the above-mentioned "Olympic Battle Plan", the Planning Department of the US Military General Staff Headquarters naturally raised questions, questioning whether it was worth doing so.

However, at this time, the doubts of the Planning Department of the General Staff Headquarters had become insignificant, and the Army Headquarters was stepping up its research on the targets of the Olympic Battle.

First, according to the plan of the Army Headquarters Operations Department, based on the sixth part of the Olympic Battle Plan, the 33 goals on the map were listed in the "Draft Second" of the goal study set on June 1, 1945, pointing out the weaknesses of Japan's anti-virus facilities, and drawing the conclusion that in the Olympic Battle, the strategic and tactical implementation of gas warfare was "effective" and "favorable".

The start of the poison gas war begins from three days before the landing operation, in addition to the mustard gas and phosgene attacks on Japanese ports, naval bases, major traffic arteries (parking lots, railway repair factories, railway stations), coasts, aviation bases, local military headquarters, supply factories and weapons factories, it is planned to attack mustard gas and phosgene bombs on the central areas of Saga, Fukuoka, Oita, Kumamoto, Monji, Matsuyama, Hiroshima, Wu and other cities, and water supply equipment from Fukuoka, Hachiman, etc., pollute mustard gas.

After receiving this plan, Colonel M-J Johnson of the Operations Department recommended to General Lincoln that, in addition to southern Kyushu and Tuoqi, poison gas attacks on other cities should be included in six major cities including Tokyo, and suggested that "the Olympic campaign should be implemented, and in order to achieve the purpose of strategic breakthroughs, poison gas should be used as much as possible to support the operation."

He advocated that if the fully closed annihilation war was adopted, even if Japan was not collapsed, it could induce Japan to surrender, but at this time, the US military must use poison gas first.

Secondly, the above-mentioned CWS (Director of Chemical Warfare Logistics) target research was based on the fourth part of the Olympic Campaign, and was based on various gas use experiments conducted at the Doughoy Experimental Field in Utah, USA and San Jose near Panama from 1943 to 1945.

Bombing Tokyo in mid-October

Aircraft equipped for gas attacks include 616 B-29 aircraft taken off from Mariana (61,600 tons of poisonous gas bombs dropped within one month), 232 B-29 aircraft taken off from Okinawa (37,120 tons of poisonous gas bombs dropped), and 216 B-24 aircraft (7,020 tons of poisonous gas bombs dropped). These strategic bombers alone can drop 105,740 tons of poisonous gas bombs in one month.

Moreover, there are three Japanese cities that will be attacked, and the report also points out the specific attack areas.

First of all, in Tokyo, the densely populated Tokyo, the US military set the day of the attack to 6:00 a.m. 15 days before the Olympic Battle, with the purpose of "strategic bombs to bomb the city and carry out large-scale killing." The choice of phosgene was because in the morning of mid-October, the effect of mustard gas would weaken in the low temperatures in Tokyo.

The target starts from the north of the Imperial Palace, from the north to the area of ​​Houleyuan, from the area of ​​Liuyiyuan, from the area of ​​Prince Station, from the east to the area of ​​Liangguoqiao, and within 17.5 square miles (44.8 square kilometers) surrounded by the west bank of the Sumida River, centered on the Funkyo District, which was ruined by air strikes, including Kanda, Ueno, Asakusa, Kanju, Himeri, Tada, etc.

The amount of ammunition dropped by B-29 is 5,420 t000 pound bombs or 21,680 500 pound bombs. The population of this area is 948,000, and the estimated population 2 miles below the wind in the target area is 776,000.

The second is to strategically use mustard gas bombs for Hachiman (Toda). The target is the industrial area and densely populated areas of Hachiman with 2.8 square miles and 2.25 square miles. It is scheduled to drop 18,764 100-pound bombs from 6 pm three days before the start of the Olympic Campaign. The population in this area is 155,800, and 123,400.

In 23 cities except Tokyo and Hachiman, due to Tokyo-type phosgene attacks or Hachiman-type mustard gas attacks, it is estimated that the entire battle will kill more than 5 million people.

Third, the Japanese Army barracks and military commands in Kagoshima City were tactical to use cyanochloride. The attack start time was set at 6 a.m. on the start of the Olympic Battle, and 340 1,000-pound bombs and 702 500-pound bombs were dropped. This poisonous gas has the ability to penetrate the Japanese gas mask and is estimated to make the Japanese local military command lose its resistance.

Reduce casualties and end the war as soon as possible

The conclusion of this report is that "if poison gas attack is first used within 15 days before the start of the Olympic Battle, the lives of the Japanese may be destroyed." And because of the use of poison gas first, "we can get the maximum initiative in the maximum amount of sneak attacks."

Therefore, this CWS report clearly advocates the use of poison gas bombs first.

If we want to formally decide the final goal of using the gas war in the Olympic Battle, then the above target plans may be combined into one plan.

Due to pressure from the Army Headquarters, General Marshall, Chief of Staff, immediately took action to change the sanctions of the gas war plan to preemptively use the gas.

On May 25, 1945, General Marshall announced that in order to minimize casualties of US military personnel in Olympic operations, he discussed the issue of dropping atomic bombs with Army Chief Steelmso, and discussed the tactical use of mustard gas and other poison gases as new tactics on islands far away from Japan. The final conclusion was that "this tactic is not more inhumane than phosphorus and flame radiators."

On June 14, he handed the memorandum to Kings, commander of the Navy Fleet, and made the following statement in the memorandum.

Japan's complete failure is irreversible. The remaining question is how long the war will last and how much the United States will spend until the final victory, to reduce casualties of American soldiers and end the war as soon as possible. Among the weapons that can effectively strike the opponent, poison gas is the only weapon that has not been used before. To use poison gas, the Olympic Battle is "militaryly the ideal time."

General Marshall claimed that the United States' preemptive use of poison gas has been restricted, and the United States has been bound by President Roosevelt's statement, through the agreement formulated by the United States-UK Joint Staff Headquarters and the United Kingdom, and the policy agreements formulated between General Maya, Haiti and President Chiang Kai-shek in the Chinese theater of war.

He pointed out that the price of the Pacific War, especially the lives of soldiers, occurred in the United States, not the United Kingdom. Therefore, he concluded: "The U.S. Military Staff Headquarters agreed to start a full-scale gas war against Japan on the launching day of the Olympic Battle and demanded that the President allow this action. The Military Staff Headquarters hoped to raise this issue at the meeting attended by the President, so that Prime Minister Churchill and Marshal Stalin, as well as President Chiang Kai-shek will participate in the discussions."

The Olympic battle is advancing

In order to end the war as soon as possible and reduce casualties of US soldiers, the US military advocates the use of poison gas first while carrying out Olympic operations.

According to the research of Frederick Brown, who graduated from Boston University, in the June 1945 US public opinion survey, 40% of people who favored the use of poison gas in Japan and 49% of those who opposed it. General Marshall believed that such public opinion could be very favorable to induce it. The claim of using poison gas first was finally affirmed.

However, regarding this proposal, General Rey Hei, Speaker of the U.S. Military Staff Headquarters, said on June 20 that there is no need to change the statement of former President Roosevelt, while arguing that even those who advocate gas wars agreed that discussions should be held with President Truman.

In response, although General Marshall temporarily admitted the condition of sanctions on June 21, as "if we have the ability to conduct huge attacks mainly from aircraft (on the Japanese mainland), the demand for poison gas bombs may increase rapidly", and advocated the allocation of poison gas bombs on the Mariana Islands and Okinawa Islands.

Therefore, although the issue of using poison gas bombs in Japan was not mentioned on the table of the Potsdam Conference, the preparations for the poison gas war to supply the Olympic Battle are still intensifying.

General Marshall claimed on July 6 that the poison gas ammunition used within 75 days after the start of the battle can now be activated at any time, and the arsenal is also increasing production, and can continue to attack for 9 months according to the maximum scheduled attack scale. At the same time, on August 13, before Japan announced its surrender, he decided that the possible use of poison gas bombs on November 1 would reach 117,456 tons, and the preparation of non-persistent poison gas bombs should be very sufficient.

Among the persistent poison gas bombs, 100-pound bombs will be eliminated by burnt bombs of the same weight and general bombs, so we need to concentrate on research and discuss the turnover from seized poison gas ammunition, UN weapons reflux, additional supplements, etc.

The lack of bombs that emerged with large-scale burn-in bomb attacks on Japanese cities would also have a significant impact on the gas attack plan, but General Marshall believed that that was a problem that could be overcome.

Atomic bomb dispenses poison gas afterwards

There are many different opinions in the US government about how to devastatingly strike Japan's war ambition and end the war as soon as possible. Some argue that President Roosevelt had long proposed that the former Soviet Union participate in the war; some believe that blocking the sea and strategic bombing with burning bombs and general bombs is enough; some advocate using atomic bombs, that is, implementing the Manhattan Plan; some believe that Japan's local landing operations must be carried out.

Some people also believe that in the fact that effectively forced the commanders of the Japanese war of aggression to make up their minds to surrender, the participation of the former Soviet Union played a decisive role. Dropting atomic bombs and strategic bombings are of great significance to the general Japanese people in eliminating the fighting spirit, and landing operations are not required.

In addition, the use of poison gas may lead to the retaliation of Japan's use of poison gas and bacteria in Asia and the Pacific war zones in some way, and it must obtain the consent of the United Kingdom, the former Soviet Union and China. For the United States, this is a restriction on the use of poison gas war.

From the capture of Okinawa, Japan in June 1945 to the Olympic Battle in November, apart from maritime blockade and strategic bombing, the US military had not yet carried out large-scale operations against Japan. Therefore, the United States decided to use atomic bombs first. If Japan did not surrender, the actual combat of poison gas began with the Olympic Battle. However, before there was time to use poison gas, shortly after the United States dropped two atomic bombs on August 15, 1945, Japan announced its surrender and the war ended.

During this period, on July 12, the reason why the United States could not wait to drop an atomic bomb in Japan just after its first atomic bomb experiment was because the United States did not want people to think that the participation of the former Soviet Union was the direct reason for forcing Japan to surrender to end the war. At the same time, the United States also had a strong intention to try the power of the atomic bomb in actual combat before the end of the war. For American leaders, compared with the poisonous gas bombs that are restricted to some extent, the atomic bomb is an easier weapon to use.

If the participation of the former Soviet Union was postponed and the development of the United States was also postponed, what would happen? At that time, the Olympic Battle might be implemented. In order to reduce casualties of American soldiers, the United States is likely to fully implement a poison gas war.

If the former Soviet Union's participation in the war was delayed and the United States had dropped an atomic bomb on Japan, but Japanese militarists continued to resist stubbornly, then the United States had already used the atomic bomb, a top weapon, so it was impossible for it to hesitate about using poison gas.

If the development of the atomic bomb was delayed and the former Soviet Union joined the war, Japan would be very likely to surrender immediately, so the United States would not have the opportunity to use poison gas again. However, the situation of Japan's surrender due to the participation of the former Soviet Union in the war greatly exaggerated the role of the former Soviet Union in Asia, which is something the United States did not want to see, so the United States might rush to use poison gas before the former Soviet Union joined the war.

Patton Bansta, a professor at Stanford University who studies the biological warfare plan for Japan, speculated that if the war continued until mid-August, the United States might have implemented bacterial warfare and dead leaf war against Japan, because President Truman later recalled that the atomic bomb was a more harsh weapon.

As we all know, this dead leaf war is the plan of the United States to exhaust 30% of Japan's rice in the "Crown" campaign (Japanese Kanto Landing Operation) prepared in 1946. If that were the case, it can be said that the poison gas war being prepared in reality is more direct than this plan and has a greater possibility of implementation.

Conclusion

The United States formulated a plan to engage in a gas war against Japan, first of all, because Japan's frequent and continuous use of gas and bacteria in Asia, especially China, since 1937, which led to the United States' preparation of sanctions and even preemptive attacks. In June 1942, after the US President's warning statement, the Japanese army continued to use gas and bacteria in China. The intelligence of the US military had been delivered to President Roosevelt, proving that on June 23, 1944, the Japanese army still used mustard gas and Louis gas outside Hengyang, China. Moreover, the Japanese army had been using vomit gas in China until June 1944 and had never stopped.

Secondly, looking at the Olympic Battle plan of the United States, it is not difficult to see that the public opinion, preparations, and conditions for using poison gas were already quite mature, and they were transforming to preemptive use of poison gas. Moreover, the real purpose of the US military's use of poison gas is to end the war as soon as possible and reduce casualties of US soldiers.
Chapter completed!