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Since 1909, the German and British shipbuilding competition was in full swing. Shortly after the Nassau-class battleships started, it was learned that the British Navy was building a dreadnought with a 13.5-inch (343-mm) caliber main gun. The German Navy began to feel that the 280-mm main gun they loaded was insufficient, so it decided to install a 305-mm (12-inch) main gun on the newly built four battleships. In order to drive the enlarged warships, three chimneys were installed on this class of battleships, which was also the only dreadnought in the German Navy with three chimneys (except for old-style battleships). This class of ships was named after four regions of the German Empire. Among them, the Island of Helgoland was exchanged with Britain not long ago with the Island of Zanzibar in Africa, and later became an important military base for Germany on the North Sea.

Four battleships of this class participated in battles many times in World War I. In the Battle of Jutland, they fought on the front line and were all injured in the battle (Hergolan and Oldenburg were shot one by one, and Osterfriesland touched a mine).

After the war, all four battleships were handed over to the Allies. Helgoland was handed over to Britain; Osterfriesland was handed over to the United States; Thuringia was handed over to France; Oldenburg was handed over to Japan. Because the German battleships were generally in poor condition, the victorious countries did not use them for use in their own navies, but sold them and scrapped them soon after.

Just like the Nassau-class battleship, the Helgolan-class battleship also uses reciprocating steam engines. However, since the German Navy tried the technology of the steam turbine on the Lübeck light cruiser in 1904, it has been undergoing large-scale improvements. As the technology matured, the next German battleship, the King class, began to use steam turbines as its main source of power.

data

Ship name: Helgolan (construction code Ersatz Siegfried) | Osterfriesland (construction code ErsatzOldenburg) | Thuringia (construction code ErsatzBeowulf) | Oldenburg (construction code ErsatzFrithiof)

Shipyard: Holwald Shipyard/Keil|Royal Shipyard/Wilhelmshaven|Wissel Shipyard/Bremen|Shuofei Shipyard/Danze

Start date: 11/11/1908|10/19/1908|11/2/1908|3/1/1909

Date of launch: 9/25/1909 | 9/30/1909 | 11/11/1909 | 6/30/1910

Service Date: 8/23/1911|8/1/1911|9/10/1911|3/1/1912

Sinking: Oster Friesland was sunk as a target ship outside Cape Henry, Virginia on July 21, 1921 by US Navy pilot Mitchell

Disintegration: The Helgolan disintegrated in England in 1921; Thuringian disintegrated in Lorient, France in 1923; Oldenburg disintegrated in Dodrecht, Netherlands in 1921

Displacement: 22,808 tons (design) / 24,700 tons (maximum)

Size (meter): 167.20 (full length) x28.50x8.94

Power: 15 Sulzer-Sunnycroft boilers (coal-fired), three-seater and four-cylinder reciprocating steam engine, 28,000 horsepower

3-axis, 2-rudder parallel configuration

Maximum speed is 21 knots, with a battery life of 5500 nautical miles/10 knots; 2700 nautical miles/20 knots

Main gun: 12 305mm/50 caliber guns, 6 double turrets

Sub-cannon: 14 150mm/45 caliber guns, single-mounted side

Anti-torpedo boat/anti-air gun: 14 single-mounted 88mm/45 caliber gun

Torpedo: 6 500mm torpedo launch tubes (underwater installation, one door in front and one door on both sides of the A turret D turret)
Chapter completed!