Everyone gradually calmed down the emperor's face, but they all felt scared. The words of these scholars just now were a rebellious. In the eyes of the world, there is no doubt that the monarch of the Song Dynasty was at the top of this power structure, with the most respectful position, and the source of power. According to Confucian governance ideas, the emperor "rules the world", but should "rule but not govern". The so-called "governance by doing nothing", "hangs clothes and govern the world", and "just respect yourself to the south", all of which are all about this.

The monarch exists only as a symbol of sovereignty, a model of morality, and a representative of etiquette, and does not require specific governance; the governance power of the state is controlled by a court that can be held accountable and replaced. In the words of the Song people themselves, it is called "the power belongs to the master, and the politics are issued to the Secretariat". This can be said to have deprived the emperor of all power and offered it to the Bodhisattva, which is exactly what the emperor cannot tolerate.

Therefore, the few accompanying people were silent and did not dare to say anything more, worried that they would arouse the anger of the young emperor again. However, they still had some deviations in their thinking. Of course, Zhao was unwilling to let go of power, especially because he was worried about handing it over to these scholars. On the other hand, he lived in a modern democratic society after all in his previous life and did not exclude co-governance. The problem is that at most, he can only be said to be in the bud, but there is no foundation for co-governance.

Another thing is that the scholars suffered this major change, and did not reflect on the fact that they made mistakes in it. Instead, they put the blame on the emperor, thinking that it was because of the failure to implement the Confucian concept of governing the world that led to the destruction of the country. They still emphasized the scholars' past contributions, missed the "beautiful" life back then, and did not touch the root of the matter at all, and did not dare to face their own mistakes, but just blindly shirking responsibility.

Thinking about the beginning of the founding of the Kingdom of Song Dynasty, he chose to rule the world with scholars and officials, but in fact it was not without the intention of the situation. At that time, Zhao Kuangyin played the drama of "yellow robe" and robbed the world of the young emperor of the Chai family. He also knew that he had an incorrect position and had no way to confront the greedy civil officials and the military bureaucratic system that was eyeing power. In order to consolidate the throne, he suppressed the power of military generals and supported the so-called "monarch, minister, minister, and minister" Confucian civil officials who were at a disadvantage, and implemented the system of using civil and military control.

The true Confucian way of governing the country should be to govern the world with benevolence and righteousness, to govern the people with virtue and governance, to comfort the people with virtue and soften China, and to dominate the four barbarians with virtue and strength, to help the people with virtue and to help the people win over the four barbarians. The group of scholars and officials often plays a crucial role in the survival of a country and nation. They should comply with the people and understand the people's opinions, to the superiors should plead for the people and perform their duties. In other words, scholars and officials should be a harmonizer between the royal family and the lower class, helping the emperor understand the people's opinions, to adapt to the people's wishes, to help the people fight for their interests, and to ultimately achieve the political ideal of "the way of the great way is the public" mentioned in the "Licence and Movement Datong Chapter".

However, Zhao thought that this also laid the root of disasters for the Song Dynasty. They chose the most dependent scholars and officials to govern the world, but in fact they chose their own destiny. In his opinion, the two value orientations of "fame, wealth and honor" and "governing the country and pacifying the world" are not mutually beneficial to the scholars and officials, but should be able to coexist. After all, people are not sages. In the deep psychological depth, there are still supreme ones that can be suppressed, but cannot be eliminated, and they will still have bubbles from time to time.

"Governing the country and pacifying the world" is a moral norm based on Confucian core culture. It requires members of society to rationally suppress individuals' supremeness and instincts, obey the needs of harmonious development of social groups, dissolve any individual requirements with the rationality of "benevolence", and place the interests of the state and the monarch in supreme position. After a long period of historical precipitation, it has become a collective unconscious of the nation, deeply rooted in the entire cultural education.

Zhao thought that the mistake was that neither side had put his position in the right place. The monarchs of Song Dynasty treated literati and officials with generous salary than those of the previous generations, and eventually formed a bureaucratic political system that only pursued the interests of the group, and cultivated a literati who lacked enterprising spirit. The bureaucratic and gentry system expanded to an incredible level. The final result was that Confucianism developed into Confucianism, full of benevolence, righteousness and morality, and devoted to men and women prostitution.

Since Confucianism developed into Confucianism, the order of hierarchy and hierarchy has been unprecedentedly strengthened. Scholars, farmers, industry and commerce have the highest rank and ruled the world with imperial power. Wen Yanbo, the minister of the Song Dynasty, once said: "To govern the world with the scholars and officials, it is not to govern the world with the people." At this point, the scholars and officials of the Song Dynasty completely abandoned the responsibility of setting their hearts and destiny for the people and stood opposite to the people.

As the saying goes, everything is inferior, but only high school students are high. In addition to studying and getting fame and becoming officials and becoming officials, soldiers, craftsmen, slaves, prostitutes and others naturally have low status. Under this strict order of hierarchy and hierarchy, soldiers and people live a life of no dignity, and there are class rifts that are difficult to heal within the nation. Hierarchy oppression makes the Han nation no longer an invincible whole, but a scattered individual who is hostile to each other and hates each other.

The sage also said, "If you treat me with national talents, I should repay you with national talents! If you treat me with passers-by, I should repay you with passers-by! If you treat me with grass, I should repay you with enemies." When a system allows the elite to treat ordinary people as slaves without any sympathy, when a court has never treated the people as human beings, the result is that "the country does not know that there are people, but how can the people know that there are countries"...

Zhao felt that it was meaningless to stay. He left Qinglin Temple before the banquet began. Seeing that he was unhappy, he drowsed in the car with his eyes closed. Ma Duanlin and others dared not speak, and the carriage drove towards the city in silence.

"How should I deal with this situation?" Zhao was sleeping in the shaking car, but his mind was not idle, and he was still thinking about the problems ahead. He understood that a nation that did not reflect on his mistakes had no hope. The decline of a big country and the decline of a big nation must play a leading role. Only by calming down and reflecting on himself seriously, summarizing experiences and lessons, learning from history, and reversing the past can we avoid our nation from sinking again. Destruction of a country is terrible, but what is more terrifying than destruction of a country is that it repeats the same mistakes again and again, and he does not want to repeat the same mistakes.

The Song Dynasty has been in danger of national destruction for more than 200 years since its founding of Taizu, and has faced the danger of national destruction twice. Zhao thought that when the Song Dynasty moved south, he could have re-arranged and opened up a new political space, but the literati and officials still followed the collective law of collecting coins and Liao, and were at peace in the creed of suppressing military men. Yue Fei's death in the eleventh year of Shaoxing not only symbolized the tragic fate of a hero in a historical dilemma, but also marked that the Song Dynasty politics was once again permanently closed to the historical dilemma.

What we see is that after the southward transition, although many scholars and officials got rid of the dirty air of the fame and officialdom in the late Northern Song Dynasty and showed their pure and noble souls from time to time, they were not all so crazy about profit and power, chasing, fighting in the officialdom, setting the country, and national interests. Especially when the disaster of the country was about to fall, great trouble fell from the sky, we did vaguely see the prototype of Confucian personality in many scholars and officials.

But more of it is "sacrificing love" and "transference", as well as another new utilitarian "transference" with the goal of "practice in the world". For Confucian scholars and officials who escaped from the destruction of their country by chance, as long as the Confucian Taoist tradition is still there and the status of Confucian officials with high status is still there, and other low-level classes such as soldiers will not turn over, it doesn't matter.

The scholars and officials who were slaves to foreign regimes can still be superior. What does it matter if the ruler is Han or foreign race? What does it matter if the people of the Song Dynasty were killed and blood flowed into a river? Maintaining the Confucian Taoist system is the most important thing. They also actively seek the rationality of ruling the Central Plains for foreign rulers, fabricating the pseudo-theory of "When Xia comes, Xia, and when the barbarians comes, they will voluntarily surrender to the foreign race.

This once again confirms that the influence of Confucian core culture on traditional Chinese scholars and officials is deeply rooted in the bones and has tenacious vitality. Even the Neo-Confucianism that emerged in the Southern Song Dynasty was only aimed at the "human desire" stimulated by the development of the commodity economy. It attempted to suppress the "**" by relying on "introduction" to resolve the internal contradictions that are tolerated by the "fame and fame" in traditional society.

In the late Southern Song Dynasty, Neo-Confucianism failed to solve the problems faced by the scholar group. The officialdom became increasingly powerful, and there were also scholars who still maintained noble personality and traditional ideals. These people studied hard for many years to enter the imperial examination. However, due to the times, they were isolated from the imperial examination and the officialdom. Once these people entered the officialdom and witnessed all kinds of tragic situations, they quickly fell from fanaticism to pessimism and disappointment. Therefore, they saw not only those who were cynical and regarded politics as tools for personal gain, but also those who regarded wealth and honor as clouds, and those who regarded official titles as poor people, and those who saw through the world and entered the Tao to avoid the world.

When the Mongol Yuan invaded and the Song Dynasty was at its end, the scholars faced an unprecedented crisis of losing their country and destroying the world. Some of them fought with a sense of historical responsibility, formed the Xing Dynasty to continue the country's veins, and shouldered the responsibility of restoring the country. When they retreated to Qiongzhou, they also reflected on their thoughts and thought hard about "how the world's momentum flowed to the extreme and reached this point", hoping to find the "dark and bright" realm of "there is a way to save it".

But from Zhao's perspective, they mainly started by reviewing the gains and losses of the state governing the Song Dynasty. Their ideas are as follows: history since Qin Shihuang. Various systems in traditional society, such as county system, clerk system, well field system, money and grain system, imperial examination school system, election and employment system, etc., were all judged by historical speculation in front of them, but did not involve the root cause.
Chapter completed!