"The people from all over the four villages are still very good at farming and sericulture. They are still working on the chariots and bows, spinning yarns and looms, and leading their families to the villagers to buy cotton, and they are the women. The daily business is here, and the bonnets are built at night." (Nanxun Town Chronicle)

"The woman is not engaged in cutting and embroidery, but is diligent in weaving. Even though she is sixty or seventy years old, it is true. It is said that one who finishes the gauze at night and becomes cloth early is called rooster crowing cloth." ("Wenzhou Prefecture Chronicle")

"When the farming work is over, men, women, old and young operate together, or bonnets weaving, or rushing around, or the sound of machines is rolling, and they are heard from each other." ("Hanchuan County Chronicles")

Various records show the production scene of the countryside in China in the 14th century: every farmer has a loom. After farming, both women, young and old are engaged in textiles. The whole family is doing it. The machine is heard all night long. Although the number of cloths woven by each household is very small, due to the large number of households, it has become an astonishing billions after aggregation.

The land is limited, the cotton produced is limited, and the cotton fabrics woven are also limited. If we change from human-powered textile cotton fabrics to steam-powered mechanical textile cotton fabrics, the biggest advantage is that the efficiency of spinning and weaving is greatly improved, at least several dozen times, which will reduce the price of cotton fabrics.

With the income of the lower class still unchanged, it is possible for the family to buy cloth to make a new set of clothes and a pair of shoes every year.

However, there is also a disadvantage. The prices of farmers who grow cotton themselves, spin and weave cloth themselves, and sell cotton directly is different. The cotton also includes the labor costs of farmers. Once steam-powered machinery is used instead of human-powered textile cotton, the cloth woven by farmers cannot be sold and can only sell cotton, and farmers' income will decrease a little.

However, in Fang Nan's view, compared with the benefits of using steam-powered mechanical textile cotton, the disadvantages will gradually decrease over time.

There have been examples. The most common factories in the People's Army-ruled areas are cement factories. Merchants have established cement factories in many cities in the People's Army-ruled areas. A large number of young and strong people enter the factory to work. Young and strong people basically cannot participate in the farming field when they enter the factory to work, but the income of young and strong people in the factory will not be much the same as that of a family's farming income.

In this case, as long as there is one person working in a cement factory at home, the family no longer needs to farm and have enough money to live.

Cement factories are just the beginning. When the industrial age comes, large textile factories are everywhere, which can allow a large number of adult women to enter textile factories to work. More factories appear, and the rural population begins to decrease, but the land will not decrease too much. It can allocate more land to the rural population, and the average income of the rural population will also increase.

Of course, this requires ignoring population growth. All the people in the People's Army-ruled areas will live a good life, and a large number of newborns will inevitably appear. The increase in population will also increase the income of rural population. This is the issue of external expansion.

The matter of external expansion will have to wait until the People's Military Commission/China Land. Now it is time to develop steam power machinery and steam power machinery, and time will not wait for anyone.

Entering December, a new research institute was established in Foshan, called the "Textile Machine Research Institute".

The Textile Machinery Research Institute is nominally under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry, and the Fang Chamber of Commerce actually manages the Textile Machinery Research Institute.

The Fang Chamber of Commerce is the chamber of commerce belonging to Fang Nan's Fang family. Fang Nan ordered Han Jia, vice president of the People's Chamber of Commerce, to serve as the president of the Fang Chamber of Commerce. At the same time, Han Jia is still an official of the People's Military Government.

Fang Nan gave Han Jia the first task to establish the Textile Machinery Research Institute. Currently, two of the researchers from the Textile Machinery Research Institute come from the Steam Engine Research Institute. It is considered a secondment and can be returned to the Steam Engine Research Institute at any time.

In addition to the two researchers from the Steam Engine Institute, there are also craftsmen who are skilled in building human spinning machines, looms and even large hydraulic spinning wheels, as well as women who are skilled in using spinning machines and looms among the family members of the craftsmen.

For the time being, women are unable to work with other strange men. Most of the people who use spinning machines and loom machines are women, so it is more appropriate to choose women from craftsmen's homes to participate in the research.

Several students from Guangzhou University were also interested in steam-powered spinning machines and looms, and were also involved in the research on spinning machines and looms.

The Textile Machinery Research Institute was officially established and began to study steam-powered spinning machines and looms. As long as the research was successful, those involved in the research would receive a large amount of money reward from the Fang Chamber of Commerce. The machine patent rights belong to the Fang Chamber of Commerce. After all, the Fang Chamber of Commerce invested funds to hire personnel for research.

As long as the steam-powered spinning machine and loom are successfully researched, the Fang Chamber of Commerce will invest more money to produce these two machines and personally establish a large textile factory to let everyone see the efficiency of textile factories producing cotton.

Next, the Fang Chamber of Commerce will mainly manufacture machines and sell the machines to the chambers of noble families, so that these chambers of commerce can establish large textile factories. Simply put, the Fang Chamber of Commerce will take the noble families to make money, and will not sell the machines to other merchants after the textile industry explodes.

However, there is still a wait to make a machine and sell it. The machine has not yet been studied. Textile machine textile machine. In fact, textile machine is not one type of machine, but two types of machine, namely spinning machine and cloth loom. Cotton needs to be spun into yarn first, and then weave yarn.

Research and manufacture of spinning machines is relatively simple, because our ancestors have developed a hydraulic spinning machine - a hydraulic large spinning wheel.

A spinning wheel is a production line or yarn equipment that uses fiber materials such as wool, cotton, linen, silk and other raw materials, and is driven by artificial mechanical transmission and a rotary wire drawing to extend the process. It usually has a wheel driven by hands or feet and a spindle.

With the development of spinning wheels, the number of spindles increased to 2 to 3, with the maximum being 5. During the Song and Yuan dynasties, with the development of social economy, a large spinning wheel with dozens of spindles gradually emerged based on various handed down spindle machines.

The hydraulic large spinning wheel is different from the original spinning wheel. Its characteristics are: the number of spindles is as many as dozens and the use of hydraulic power to drive it.

These characteristics make the hydraulic large spinning wheel have the prototype of modern spinning machinery and adapt to large-scale specialized production.

Taking spinning hemp as an example, a general spinning wheel can spin up to 3 kilograms per day, while a large spinning wheel can spin more than 100 kilograms in one day and night. It is necessary to use enough hemp to meet its production capacity during work.

Since there is already a hydraulic spinning machine, the task of the Textile Machinery Research Institute will be simpler. It can be improved based on the large hydraulic spinning wheel. If the hydraulic power is replaced by steam power, the spinning wheel can also be changed. After all, the spinning wheel no longer needs to be fixed by the river.
Chapter completed!