Autumn is the harvest season, but for winter wheat, it is also the sowing season. The nanyuyuan is busy, collecting various beans in the field while planting wheat. Wheat is the staple food, and it must be guaranteed first. When sowing, no matter whether the beans in the field are fully mature, they must be cut back and at least they can be used as high-quality feed for horses.

Xu Ping stood in the yard of the Nazhiyuan, looked at the soybeans that were being dried on the ground, and asked Zhang Zai beside him: "I've been busy this year, how is the harvest? These beans were planted in spring and look good."

Zhang Zai said: "According to the present, I collected a lot of beans and beans. However, I still have to send them to Laozhou."

"Come on your own? As long as things get done, they will always get better and better." Xu Ping turned around, "Moving the NaQI here is to occupy a huge house in the city, which is inconvenient. Another is to let these protons do something, and lay out the ground to let them farm and feed themselves. How effective are you to manage their farming and promote the well fields?"

"Okay, very good!" Zhang Zai was a little excited when he talked about Jingtian. "I also read the "Plan for Rich and Safe in the Country" compiled by Jieshuai a few days ago, which talked about the principles of heaven being human beings, and the desire of man beings is the principles of heaven, and the unity of man and nature. This statement makes a lot of sense. If a family is rich, the country will be safe, and the country will be peaceful. People's desires are the first priority to have enough food, so the policy of a family begins with cooking, and the policy of a country lies in sufficient food. With the truth, if the family is not rich, then the ambition is uneasy. What is a wealthy family? There is no worries about food and clothing.

Where does food come from? They all come from the land. Therefore, Mencius said that benevolent politics must start from the world. The rich and the poor are uneven and the education cannot be carried out. If you want to have a great governance in the world, the rest are small tricks. Only equal fields and divide well fields are the method of long-term stability. If the farmer has his own fields, people will have no strength, no profit, and no crops will be cultivated with one hand and one foot, and every step and one acre will be completed. The people's strength will be exhausted, and the people's strength will be exhausted. Why worry about the people's lack of wealth? Why worry about the people's wealth? Why worry about the people's lack of use for the country!"

The following sentences are Li Fu's theory, pointing out that the well-field system not only allows the farmer to have the land, but also allows the world to be free. Both of them can bring prosperity and peace. Zhang Zai's thought on the well-field system was inherited from Li Fu, but Li Fu focuses on explaining his theory with his will and intentions, as if he was sages, while Zhang Zai pays more attention to incorporating this idea into the theoretical system. Li Fu is anti-Mencius, and Zhang Zai respects Meng. It is very normal to have such distinctions.

Xu Ping did not answer Zhang Zai's words and asked him: "Scholar, you have been in the Nagano Institute for more than half a year and have planted these protons for a season. Now you have harvested the first season and are planted next season. Let me ask you, what are the indispensable things to produce grain?"

Zhang Zai was stunned for a moment. Obviously, he had not considered this issue carefully before. He thought about it in his mind and said, "Food production is naturally indispensable. This is the fundamental reason. In addition to land, there are naturally people who need to farm. Land power and manpower are indispensable!"

Xu Ping asked calmly, "What else are there besides the land and people?"

Zhang Zai slowly calculated by his fingers: "There are still cattle. Without cattle, it depends entirely on manpower and cannot plow much field. In addition to cattle, plows, rakes, and veins are also indispensable."

Xu Ping smiled and waved his hand: "Live, it seems that you haven't figured out this problem this year. Scholars, if you want to have a bumper grain and a rich people and a strong country, it is not enough to just talk about the fields. Without people, weeds can only grow in the fields. But now, there are still people who still have not enough. There are also cattle to plow and plant, canal water trucks to pick up water and irrigate, hoes to go to weeds in the fields, carts to transport the harvested crops to home, and mills to turn the grain into rice. All these are indispensable things in farming. You only talk about average fields, so what should you do? How to raise cattle? What should you do if you plow, rake, wool, etc.? How to open the canal? How to divide the water with water? Have you ever thought about it?"

"Students have thought that using the average land of the well field, so that the ploughed people have the same land, and they also need to incorporate military orders into internal affairs, and set up land officials to manage the well field. The soldiers do not have to choose separately, they are all people of this land. When there is war, there is no need to set up other generals, and they are all officials of this land. People say that the system of the well field is difficult to carry out, and they must say that the fields in the world are not unowned items. If you want to collect the land and enter the county magistrate, many families with fields will inevitably be dissatisfied. Students do not think so, as long as the family with more land, the system of the well field will make them rich and noble as if they have more land.

At first, why were they dissatisfied? Just like in ancient feudalism, families with a wide range of land could be allowed to be land officials, and the tax collected from this land would be their salary to replace the original land rent. It would not cost the country's money or meter, and the land in the world would be cultivated by the people, and the people in the world would be managed by the land officials. After waiting for 10 or 20 years, the land price would be compensated by the tax on the public land, and the land officials would choose the virtuous and take responsibility. In this way, the travel of the well fields would benefit the world and everyone would be happy."

Xu Ping shook his head, smiled and said nothing.

Whether it was Li Wei or Zhang Zai, advocating the system of equal fields in the well field system is actually the second, and the core is the one that contains military orders in the internal affairs. Before Xu Ping passed the new policy, the lack of national use was trapped in raising soldiers, and exhausted national strength to support hundreds of thousands of soldiers, but was useless to consume food and could not fight abroad. This was a heart-wrenching problem of the Song Dynasty from top to bottom. In order to solve this problem, there were those who buried the military books, such as Zhang Zai, who found solutions from the pile of old papers, and those who switched to the conscription system and even the integration of military and civilians.

The headache was absurd, and the legs were cut off when the toothache was a bit ridiculous, but in fact it was a helpless move. The Song Dynasty was born out of the Five Dynasties warlord regime, and naturally had defects in military system and state affairs. The emperor's psychological dependence on the stability of the throne was on the army. The abolition of the separatist vassal states was considered a heart-wrenching problem for the emperor, but they had to hand over the military to the political affairs hall to capture politics and military at the same time, but they were unwilling to do so. Because in this way, the prime minister's power was too great and the imperial power was squeezed.

Whether using civilized military command or literati to command military command, they are actually caused by the separation of military and politics. Literary command does not directly manage the army, but manages it through military generals, and the leadership of military commanders is completely divided from politics. Even if you kill a thousand and a hundred military commanders, you cannot change the fundamental system of the army. This is still a warlord unit separated from politics.

If it is said that it is to successfully alienate the generals and civil officials. Once a war is defeated, civil officials say that military generals are useless, and military generals say that civil officials are blindly commanding. In short, they have no responsibility. Since military generals are not allowed to interfere in politics, the generals of the Song Dynasty have distrustful people in the civil officials. Regardless of whether they are wrong or not, as long as there is punishment, civil officials will suppress military generals.

Who is responsible for the army to lose? Of course, first of all, the responsibility of the army. If you even deny this, it is nonsense. But in Xu Ping's previous life, I don't know where it was spread. The army cannot blame the generals because civil officials in the court are in power. As long as the generals are in power, warlords will be in power, they will naturally be able to fight. In fact, the historical fact is that warlord rule is not only a prosperous era, but even a unified country has never been achieved. Qin, which is a military-political unity, is also civil officials.

It is a normal national system for civil officials to rule and military generals to manage the army. The reason why the army cannot fight is not here. We should still look for the reasons from the army itself. There is no problem with the recruitment system itself, and the professionalization and professionalization of the army are normal development laws. But things are most afraid of going to extremes. From the recruitment system to the mercenary system, and completely isolating the army from politics, there is a problem.

The throne psychology of the Song Dynasty relies on the army, and it is becoming increasingly mercenary system. Sickly emphasizing loyalty to the emperor, the responsibility of the state becomes irrelevant. The military system is deficient, but the root cause is still the original parent body of the country's warlord system.

People in this era discovered this contradiction from many aspects and came up with various ways to solve it. The limitations of history were so they could only find solutions from past experience. The retro conscription system and the well-field system were proposed. In any case, when implementing these systems, the Central Plains dynasty had always maintained a crushing situation in the surrounding areas. 8)
Chapter completed!