I saw someone in the book review area posting information about the Suppression of Rebellion, the Cultural Revolution, etc., and also talked about another masterpiece, "Survivors of the Anti-Japanese War," so Xiao Chao felt that there was something he had to say.

In my opinion, the truth of history should not be distorted. But unfortunately, those who record history have their own opinions. In the eyes of the Red Party, the Cannon Party is evil-minded and ruthless. In the eyes of the Cannon Party, the Red Party is "demolishing"

"Dirty"! You can wander without attacking. Both sides have their own rhetoric. This rhetoric has not been solved since that period until now.

Therefore, I tried my best to find a lot of information about the disputes between the two sides from neutral parties. These information included documentary literature and report descriptions by some neutral people at the time. Edgar Snow's "The Journey to the West", Jack

Belden's "China Shocks the World" and other books, these books describe in great detail the situation of the two sides and what they did at that time.

I dare not say that there is no personal opinion at all, but at least a lot of the information is neutral. You may be familiar with Edgar Snow, but you can check the information about Jack Belden.

Belden reported on the early days of Japan's war of aggression against China. At that time, the farmers in northern Henan were extorted, cruelly oppressed and driven to the point of desperation by the bald army and the government. They actually came together to welcome the Japanese invaders. He was the first to report the news.

(Original text: I can still remember a similar situation that happened in Jehol Province in 1933. At that time, the Japanese occupied 100,000 square miles of Chinese territory in ten days. Once, I started chatting with a group of farmers

, the Japanese had advanced only a few miles away from the local area, and these farmers were waiting for the Japanese to come. I asked them what to do. They said nonchalantly, "We don't know how the Japanese are doing. Our provincial governor

How about it, we know very well that we can’t wait to eat his liver and drink his blood!”)

I have also been lucky enough to watch some of "Survivor of the War Against Japan". But to be honest, I disagree with some of the views in it. Although the story is narrated from the perspective of a veteran, the words are biased.

There are quite a few members of the Party. Some of them say it is the people’s support for the Party, which really makes me feel uncomfortable.

My last paragraph was about Jack Belden’s interview with a university history professor at that time!

original:

When I was in the liberated areas, I once thought about how to explain this phenomenon that has so profoundly changed the balance of power within China and caused the people of North China to side with the Red Party and oppose the bald men. In the past, I believed that the bald men could save China.

people who later abandoned him and turned to the Red Party. How should I describe the process of gradual ideological transformation of these people? I can simply list the historical facts as before, but how should I start from a more humane perspective?

How to interpret the choice from a different perspective? At this moment, Professor Yang Xiufeng, chairman of the Border District Government, told me about his experience, and I wrote it down. As I wrote and wrote, I began to realize that this was not just a person’s life.

It is also a history of the development of China’s anti-dictatorship movement.

Yang Xiufeng is not often at home. He often rides on a donkey, travels long distances over mountains and ridges, visits various counties, and inquires about the people's sufferings. This thin intellectual once traveled around Europe and was once a well-known history professor in Peking.

, now Xiang Youfang

He ran around the mountainous areas like a monk, ministering to the illiterate and doubtful peasant masses from the back of a donkey.

Such a picture is like returning to the thirteenth century. To be honest, I always find it a bit funny. Why would this fair-skinned, soft-spoken, and elegant professor run into these rough Reds and the former

Among the feudal serfs?

Why did he devote himself to communism in his middle age when it was clear that he would gain nothing and lose a lot? Not to mention not as a party member, but only as a political ally. One day, we were in his room.

After eating, he sat and smoked homemade cigarettes and drank crude green tea.

His house was built of stone, because stone is abundant in this area. On this occasion, he began to tell me about his experience. His expression was unusually calm, almost serious.

"When Japan invaded China in 1937," he said, "I was already forty-one years old. I think, as a history professor, I was more patriotic than the average person. You probably know that there are too few scholars who represent the upper class.

Now, when the country is in crisis, there are not many people who can lead the people.

In this way, you will understand that my determination to actively participate in the Anti-Japanese War is obligatory and inevitable. I say this just to let you know that I, a middle-aged assistant professor, am neither a professional soldier nor have any political experience.

, probably out of patriotism, he voluntarily surrendered to the Bald Man government, obeyed the orders of Chiang Kai-shek's Baoding camp, and went to southern Hebei to mobilize the seemingly indifferent, and in my opinion, ignorant people to fight guerrillas.

"You can imagine how surprised I was when I came to the guerrilla zone abandoned by Chiang Kai-shek. I saw that the people themselves had organized several teams. The artillery party officials had fled, so the people chose their own

I worked in several county governments. Although I came in halfway, I still established some prestige among the people. A year later, thirty counties jointly established the Jinan Administrative Office, and I was elected as the director.

"After we arrived in this relatively safe place - the so-called safety is only temporary, the Bald Man government began to realize that the anti-Japanese movement could actually exist behind enemy lines, and suddenly decided to send an Artillery Party official named Lu Zhonglin back to Hebei

When he became the provincial chairman, the people felt that the Pao Party had left them to fight alone for a year, and now they were doing it again. They were very angry and cursed the Pao Party for being duplicitous, and decided not to recognize Lu Zhonglin as the provincial chairman.

"Seeing the attitude of the people, I feel that I must speak to them seriously. I think the bald man is the head of the country. No matter what mistakes he has made in the past, his appointment must be respected. I put the things we have implemented

Elected officials were scolded for an afternoon and then told to recognize Lu Zhonglin as provincial chairman.

"As soon as Lu Zhonglin took office, he asked me to join his government. I agreed, but the condition was that I would continue to be the director of the Jinan Administration.

"But within a few days, many bald agents came, some on foot and some on mules. They forced Lu Zhonglin to cancel the Jinan Administrative Office. Lu Zhonglin called me to explain his

situation. I said that although I sympathize with you as the provincial chairman, I have to tell you frankly that the Jinan Administrative Office was organized by the people themselves to resist Japan, and I have no right to cancel it. If I do this, the people will not only rise up to oppose

You, Lu Zhonglin, will also rise up against me.

"At first he asked us to transform the local guerrillas into a security group. I was absolutely furious when I heard that. I tried my best to suppress my anger and said to him: 'If you transform these anti-Japanese fighters into the provincial defense force, you will destroy them.

The patriotic nature dampened their enthusiasm.,

"Then Lu Zhonglin wanted to replace the county magistrate. I firmly opposed it. I said: 'The county magistrates are all elected by the people, and they have made contributions to the fight against Japan. Why should we attack these young and promising people?'

"Then Lu Zhonglin demanded that all anti-Japanese groups organized by the people should be disbanded because they were not organized in accordance with the Artillery Party's charter. I pointed out that the Artillery Party had already run away at that time, so how could these groups be organized in accordance with the Artillery Party's charter? I said

He said to Lu Zhonglin, "What you said is reactionary. The people's resistance to Japan has opened up such a big situation, how can they disband the group they organized to fight the Japanese?"

"Finally, the bald men's agents want us to abolish rent reductions and abolish the progressive tax system implemented by the local anti-Japanese governments. This demand is completely hostile to the people, so I firmly oppose it.

"After Lu Zhonglin made those demands, I felt that it was impossible to live the same life as before. I firmly believed in the justice of the war of resistance, but since Lu Zhonglin proposed the ban on mass organizations, I felt very discouraged. I used to be full of enthusiasm, but now

I was discouraged and had never imagined that the war of resistance would be so difficult.

"Sometimes I also think about giving in to the bald spies. It is for the benefit of the nation to temporarily give in in principle. But when I think about it, I am surprised: No! How many people like me are full of patriotic enthusiasm?

, wanted to do good deeds and do things for the people, so he participated in the Anti-Japanese War, but as a result, he could not do any good deeds.

"I am a bit conceited, and I feel that I cannot compromise on some things. I am determined to fight to the end with those guys who are trying to bring down the patriotic groups. However, in this struggle, I feel that I am alone.

"There was an Eighth Route Army unit not far away, but they refused to help me. I had to fight alone.

I was outnumbered from the beginning. One day, the Japanese launched an attack in the Nangong area, so I left the administrative office to organize people in a nearby city to resist. Lu Zhonglin immediately posted a notice, falsely claiming that I had escaped, and ordered the administrative office to be revoked. His notice

As soon as it was posted, 200 representatives from southern Hebei held a meeting and decided to oppose Lu Zhonglin's order. They cited reasons and said, you Lu Zhonglin was appointed by a bald man, and we representatives were appointed by the common people.

I don’t know where the time-headed people are yet?

"However, we did not announce our separation from the Chongqing government. We sent a call requesting the removal of Lu Zhonglin, but received no reply.

"Since Lu Zhonglin did not recognize our administration, he appointed county magistrates separately. For this purpose, he specially summoned a team of three generals from his friends to escort the new officials to their posts and protect them. The common people do not recognize these new officials, because

This led to many lawsuits. In the summer of 1939, there were two governments at odds with each other. Each district had two district chiefs, each county had two county chiefs, and each city had two mayors. Lu Zhong

Lin, Shi Yousan and their group do not recognize the democratically elected government of the people, and the people do not recognize the government of Lu Zhonglin, Shi Yousan.

"If I had known that things would end up like this when I set out from the bald camp to lead the guerrilla fight one or two years ago, you can imagine that I would be frightened.

At that time, I never thought of this, so I was unprepared for the situation and didn't know what to do. Finally, I wrote eight characters as my creed: 'Work together to resist Japan and improve people's livelihood'. Who objects to these eight characters?

, I will fight with him resolutely.

"But I also know that my fighting power only exists in my heart. I don't have the strength to deal with Shi Yousan. His team began to capture peasants everywhere to serve as soldiers. The administrative office wrote a letter to Shi Yousan, saying: 'How many soldiers do you want for us?

I can send them to you, but please don’t arrest them, but he ignored them at all. Later, as soon as Shi Yousan’s team arrived at the edge of the village, all the young men ran away, and it was difficult to find people to fight against Japan.

'Then, Shi Yousan's subordinates instituted a very stupid tax system. Even coffins were taxed, the vegetables hung by the people on the roof were taxed, and the cattle brought into the city were taxed. The government had to force the government to hold celebrations

The common people gave gifts. If the captured young man ran away, the village to which he belonged would be fined with one hundred sets of clothes to compensate for the military uniform he had worn away.

"The people came to me to ask for help, but I couldn't do anything. I felt very ashamed of the people, but what could I do? Sometimes I felt that the Eighth Route Army fighting guerrillas nearby was too tolerant. I didn't understand why they didn't come to help me.

.I feel that I am powerless and that my life is of no use to anyone. I feel ashamed and annoyed, and my heart is churning. I feel that the situation is getting more and more dangerous, but I am unable to reverse it.

"Suddenly, the people took action on their own. First they beat up several county magistrates sent by Lu Zhonglin, and then they beat up the arresters of Shi Yousan. Shi Yousan sent a representative to see me and ordered me to control the behavior of the people.

"Lawless" behavior. I replied: 'If you hadn't oppressed the people so much, they wouldn't have done this. The responsibility lies entirely with you.

"Because the local guerrillas were supporting the farmers, Shi Yousan launched an attack on the guerrillas. He wanted to eliminate the guerrillas first and then subdue the people. Since the guerrillas had a good relationship with the Eighth Route Army in a nearby battalion, the guerrillas dared to fight back.

So Shi Yousan had no choice but to fight against this battalion of the Eighth Route Army. Even so, it didn't lead to a big battle, because the Eighth Route Army kept giving way and giving way. To be honest, sometimes I was very angry with them.

"It was only after Japanese officers were discovered wearing the uniforms of Shi Yousan's troops that they entered and exited Shi Yousan's headquarters that a big fight broke out. It turned out that Shi Yousan had become a traitor, and he could not be polite to traitors. After the beating, Shi Yousan fled to the south of the Yellow River.

Later, the gunmen were shot. Lu Zhonglin, the provincial chairman appointed by the bald man, saw that he had no military backing, so he ran away. Once Lu Zhonglin ran away, his government dispersed like birds and beasts, and our administration became a Jiji

The only political power in the South.

"My arrogance at the beginning, my incompetence later, the violent behavior of the artillery party in trying to eliminate popular organizations, and the fierce resistance of the people... This series of events taught me a profound lesson, how vivid, to the point, and thrilling.

Ha! It can be said that this caused a big change in my thinking. What happened? Why! What does all this mean?...

For a period of time, I asked myself this question repeatedly every day and felt very confused. These questions that had troubled me and confused me gradually became clearer. I realized that it was not enough to unite with the anti-Japanese elements. I understood that I must also unite with the anti-Japanese elements.

Reactionaries fight.

As a teacher, I learned this lesson from the people in my middle age. The people became my teacher and I was their student. The most profound realization in my life is that the real source of knowledge lies in the people.

in the wishes and needs of the people, or it can be said that they exist in the hearts of the people. I should be a servant of the people.

"After such a change in my thinking, I knew what to do. I no longer imagined that the Artillery Party could lead the war of resistance. After three years of resistance behind enemy lines, I clearly recognized the anti-people face of the Artillery Party.

If I were a politician, I might not have this awareness. Precisely because I am a professor and have the feelings of an ordinary person, I despise what the artillery party is doing. So, I decided to find new allies to fight against Japan.

.

"After the Artillery Party fled, I found an ally in the Eighth Route Army. I realized that the mountains in Shanxi Province to the west would be of great help to me in fighting the war on the plains. At this time, someone proposed to unite these two areas, and I

Very much in favor.

"I know that there are many of my students in Bo Yibo in the Taihang Mountains, and Rong Wusheng who ran away from the Yan Laoche government is also there. I decided to go and talk to them. After a long journey, I came to the Taihang Mountains.

Headquarters, we started planning to form a coalition government north of the Yellow River." Yang Xiufeng paused, and I clearly noticed that in his eyes and on his face, there was a look of deep emotion.
To be continued...