Chapter 7 Paper and Printing
On this day, the autumn was clear and the atmosphere was refreshing. Fusu brought his eldest son, about nine years old, to the newly established Ministry of Science and Technology. Several elders of the Momen Sect, Mo Feng, Mo Yu, Mo Chen, and the Mo Clan, the leader of the Mo craftsman, went out to welcome him together!
Fusu smiled and said, "Please come up, I'm just here to see it today, you don't need to be polite!" Although the older Mo Feng is old, he is still energetic and his style is still as beautiful as before. He smiled and said, "Your Majesty is still my 'master' in Momen? Of course, we can't ignore us. We should take more care!"
Fusu smiled when she heard the words, "It seems that all elders have captured my strong men. I am not afraid that I will not submit!" Everyone laughed when they heard this!
Mo Yu said, "Okay, don't stand foolishly, don't ask Your Majesty to come in and take a look!" Everyone woke up and quickly invited Fusu to the Ministry of Science and Technology.
When you enter the door, a huge house appeared in front of Fusu. There are many places where fire is blazing and fog is really worthy of the territory of Momen!
Fusu smiled and said, "If you are not busy, look at other things first. Take me to see the movable type printing machine and papermaking technology you want to do. Today I personally brought the eldest son to see something new!" As he said, he pinched Ying Ze's little nose in his arms, looking around!
Ying Ze muttered, "Father, is there anything fun here?" Fusu smiled and said, "You will know in a while. Elders, let's go!"
At this moment, elders and others led Fusu into a large courtyard. The courtyard was filled with busy men, as well as various huge pools and utensils. The smoke was steaming, and a heat came to my face from a distance!
Mo Ban introduced to Fusu: "Your Majesty, what you mentioned is actually already available now. It is just made of chopped hemp and silk. It is not only expensive, but also not suitable for writing and difficult to preserve. So few people use it! Your Majesty, please see, this is a sample!" As he said that, Mo Ban handed over a piece of yellow paper with some cherry yellow.
Fusu took the hemp paper with one hand, touched it, looked at it, and shook his head and said, "This hemp paper feels really rough to the touch, and the color is not conducive to ink, it is more expensive and perishable. How can it be used on a large scale? It's not good!" The curious Ying Ze also snatched the hemp paper from Fusu and looked at it. He felt it was boring, so he returned it to the Mo Ban!
Mo Ban also nodded and said, "Your Majesty is right, hemp paper is indeed not good! But since Your Majesty told me a few months ago, I have been thinking about it day and night with ordinary brothers, and tried it repeatedly. Finally, I successfully made the first batch of new paper more than ten days ago. Your Majesty, please see, this is a high-quality paper made of logs, chopped, then steamed, washed/bleached, dehydrated and dried. This is a low-quality paper made of rags, rotten nets, etc., which are steamed, mashed into pulp, pressed against curtains, and dried and dehydrated. Please read it!" As he said that, Mo Ban handed over two more pieces of paper.
Fusu looked at it and saw how to say this low-quality paper, just like the yellow straw paper used to make money in the past. Although it has a little whiteness and hardness, the feel is still rough and the yellowness is still very heavy. Fusu smiled bitterly and said, "The whiteness of this low-quality paper is too poor and the feel is also very bad. Although it is much better than hemp paper, it can only be used to wipe the butt, and cannot be made to write and print books!" Mo Ban's face suddenly became bitter, and he looked a little deeply shocked!
Fusu looked at high-quality paper again. After all, the raw materials are extremely high, so it is much better than low-quality paper in terms of whiteness and feel. However, it still cannot be compared with modern paper. It is just a barely enough to be used as the most basic writing and printing paper!
Fusu nodded and smiled, "This high-quality paper still looks like a little, and can barely be written and printed! Mo Qing, how much does this paper cost? Can ordinary people afford it?"
Mo Ban finally gained some face and said hurriedly: "Your Majesty, this low-level cost is extremely low, and it is less than one-twentieth of hemp paper, but it is still a bit extravagant to use it! And this high-quality paper is about one of the tenths of hemp paper. It should be said that people with a little wealth in their family can afford the books it made, but it is still a bit extravagant to use for writing and practicing calligraphy!"
Fusu thought for a moment when he heard this, Ying Ze took the two pieces of paper into his hands with curiosity and gestured. Suddenly, Fusu said, "Mo Qing, you have worked hard these days. You can make the finished new paper in just a few words I have given you. No matter the quality of the new paper, I will praise you. You are indeed doing very well! However, you must not be complacent, because the quality of the new paper is still not up to standard. From my perspective, the whiteness and hardness of this low-grade paper must at least reach the current high-grade paper shape so that students can usually use to record and practice calligraphy. The whiteness and hardness of the high-grade paper must be at least one level higher than that of the current white silk, and the hardness must be better. Otherwise, the use of these two new papers will be strictly limited due to their quality and price. Do you understand?"
Mo Ban nodded after hearing this and said, "Please rest assured. I will try my best with my brothers day and night to improve the quality and reduce the cost so that the people of the world can afford new paper!" Fusu said with gratitude when he heard this: "Elders, Mo Ban, this paper seems small at first glance, but it is really important to have a lot to do! Because it will carry the culture and glory of my descendants of Yan and Huang, and pass on generations of generations, its convenience will be incomparable to bamboo slips. It can be imagined that once all the people in the world can afford paper and read books, my dream of "the country of etiquette" that China has always advocated can be truly realized! Therefore, what you are doing seems small, but it is carrying the future of our country and nation. This is a great event that will benefit generations, and your name will be remembered in history. We must work hard!"
This speech was earnest, and the people in the Mo Sect and the officials accompanying Fusu around him nodded frequently. He was deeply moved. Mo Ban said respectfully: "Your Majesty's moral education and the heart of all people, I am impressed! Please rest assured. I and the children of the Mo Sect will definitely live up to Your Majesty's high expectations and strive to produce new paper that can be put into practicality on a large scale as soon as possible. Even if you work hard, you dare not slackew!"
Fusu was very happy: "Mo Qing has such determination. I see that this day will not be far away, so I will wait for your good news!" Suddenly, Ying Ze shouted in Fusu's arms: "Father, are you saying that you should use these papers to print all the books of "Spring and Autumn" and "Book of Songs" on it?"
Fusu smiled and said, "Yes, look at how heavy the bamboo slips you learn from the Taifu every day. A book of Songs requires more than a dozen bundles, but if you print the characters on these papers, a very light paper book can include the Book of Songs. This will not only make it convenient for you to read, but all children in the world can read it. More importantly, you are a noble man of heaven and you can appreciate it no matter what you write a book. But only the children of the people can appreciate it if they are printed on paper. You understand how important this paper is!"
Ying Ze nodded sensibly and said, "Father, I understand. Father wants all children in the world to be able to read books like me! Did you bring me here today to understand this?"
Fusu smiled and said with a smile: "Yes, Ze'er is so smart! Today my father brings you here to make you understand that although this paper is inconspicuous, it will carry the civilization and glory of my descendants of Yan and Huang. If the father is gone in the future, you must also inherit the will of my father and let my Chinese civilization be passed on forever! Do you understand?" Ying Ze nodded sensibly!
Everyone around saw Fusu’s tireless teaching and devoted himself so much to the future of the country and nation. They all admired him and secretly thanked that there was such an emperor in China!
Mo Ban said: "Your Majesty, the movable type printing machine has already taken shape. Do you want to see it too?" Fusu smiled and said: "Of course, paper alone is not enough. If you copy a book word by word, then the spread of Chinese civilization will be too slow. If there is a movable type printing machine, then things will be different! Go quickly, I can't wait!"
Everyone laughed, and Mo Ban and others quickly led Fusu out of the door, walked a few steps, and turned into a courtyard next door. It was not as hot as the papermaking workshop, and the steam was rising, but there were jingling knocks and a strong smell of ink everywhere!
Mo Ban led Fusu to a machine and said to Fusu: "Your Majesty, this is a movable type printing machine made according to the principle you mentioned. It mainly consists of three parts: movable type, body, and elevator! Your Majesty, please take a closer look. These movable type ministers are made of fine steel for solidity and durability; they are hollow in the middle, so it is easy to fill in ink oil; there is a thin film between the ink oil and the head to control the ink leakage rate; and this font has many small holes to facilitate the ink penetration and printing on the paper! The whole body is relatively simple, in fact, it is a frame to get stuck in these movable types. This lift is simpler. You only need to use a wrench to control the lifting and lowering so that the paper can be placed under the movable type ink printing! Your Majesty think this design is appropriate?"
Fusu smiled and said, "My Momen is indeed amazing. I have only explained a principle. You can create practical machinery so quickly. It is amazing! I think this design is very good. It is beyond my expectations to be able to reach this level at the beginning. But I still have a few opinions. Please pay attention to it when you improve it in the future. First, stainless steel is expensive. Use it to make movable types. Although it is durable, it invisibly increases the cost of paper books. So if possible in the future, try to use some comparatively.
Price materials are used to make movable type; secondly, I see that the movable type printing machine was initially produced, the printing quality must not be very stable and the speed will not be too fast, so you will also modify these aspects in the future. In fact, you only need to remember six words: 'all-purpose', 'stable', 'straight', 'straight'!" In fact, Fusu only understands the principles of movable type printing. The specific machinery can only be done by the Momen. Those who can do everything once they return to ancient times cannot exist!
When everyone heard this, they nodded. This movable type printing machine can print hundreds of words by one up and down, but it is much better than copying books by one word. If it can be faster, more stable and cheaper, it will naturally be better. This is also a blessing for all scholars all over the world! Mo Ban nodded and said, "Your Majesty's comments are pointed out. I will be taught by you. I will improve it in this direction in the future!"
Fusu nodded with satisfaction, and was about to say something else, suddenly, Fan Tianshi, who was also in charge of "Qin Feng", hurried to report: "Your Majesty! Your Majesty! Where is Your Majesty?" Fusu called out after hearing this: "Fan Xiang, why are you panic in here?"
Fan Tianshi hurried to Fusu, gave a tribute to him quickly, and said, "Your Majesty, you have just received an urgent report from the Northern Frontier. The Hun Prince Maodun killed his father and established himself. At present, the Huns' kings have basically recognized this new Shanyu! I dare not neglect you when I get the report, so I come to tell Your Majesty that you know!"
Fusu's face changed when he heard this, and he took a breath of air. "The sky is about to change, and the world is about to fight again!" Everyone was surprised when they heard this, and Mo Chen said, "Your Majesty, this Huns are really a jackal. They dare to kill their father and stand up. Are you not afraid of being punished by God? Also, Your Majesty seems to be quite afraid of this new Shanyu. Is this person very powerful?"
Fusu said with a sigh: "The battle for national power, killing father and brother is common, not only the Huns, I have few such things in China for hundreds of years? This is also a natural law of survival and survival of the fittest, which is in line with my new-school study of governing the country! However, although this person succeeded by luck, the bad reputation of killing his father on his back may be difficult to clean up for thousands of years, and he will be unable to rest in this life, and the price he paid is not
Small! As for whether you are quite afraid of Maodun, you can imagine that this person can escape for more than 2,000 miles alone and sneak back to the Huns safely from the Great Yuezhi Kingdom; and can also be heartless and righteous, killing his father to seize power. Will such a person be an easy person to deal with? If I expected it well, an annexation war will break out on the grasslands of the northern border. When the annexation war is over, it will be the day when our Qin State and the Huns are fully engaged. The victory or defeat will be unpredictable!"
Fan Tianshi said horrifiedly, "Then, Your Majesty, should our country prepare earlier?" Fusu nodded and said, "That's right, people have no worries, and there must be immediate worries! Elders, Mo Ban, you will immediately find the Grand Marshal Zhang Liang and introduce the fine steel technology of the Momen into the various major soldiers of our Qin State. From today on, the various soldiers of the Qin State will gradually stop producing bronze weapons and begin to fully implement fine steel weapons!" "Yes, Your Majesty!" Mo Feng and others received the order in a terrifying manner!
"Previous Secretary Fan, immediately notify all officials in the court to attend the court meeting tomorrow morning. I will make arrangements early! Also, immediately order "Qin Feng" to find merchants and Hu people who are familiar with the situation in the grassland and the Western Regions to see me. I have something to ask them!" "Yes, Your Majesty!" Fan Tianshi also accepted the order!
Chapter completed!