The Mystery of the Battle of the Warring States Army Corps in the Qin Dynasty
Many book friends expressed their discomfort in this book, and even had doubts about the scenes of hundreds of thousands of troops fighting each other. This is understandable to Jazz. It may be because some parts of this book have not been explained clearly. Jazz will explain it here.
In the late Warring States Period and the Qin Dynasty, the princes of China implemented a military system called "total war". The guiding ideology of "total war" was to send as many people as possible to the battlefield, so at that time, all countries formulated a very strict compulsory military service system - Fu Ji conscription: all civilian men who were over 17 years old (about) were recruited into the army, received regular military skills training, and were assigned to regular troops or reserve troops until the expiration of the regulations.
Therefore, during the Spring and Autumn Period, there were often very few wars of more than 100,000 people between the various vassal states, but in the under-Warring States Period and the Qin Dynasty, the scenes of hundreds of thousands or even millions of people fighting each other became very common. Because according to the guiding ideology of "total war": if a country has a population of one million, according to the common situation of five people and one dynasty at that time, it would not be difficult to mobilize 200,000 male dynasty in the war during the war. In this way, for Qin, Chu, Qi and other major countries with a population of four or five million, the whole country was
It is not impossible to reach 600,000 or even millions of troops after mobilization. The population of the country during the Qin Dynasty was not as small as some book friends imagined. According to some historical data, the total number of Qin and the six countries of Kanto alone exceeded 20 million. If the newly conquered southern regions were added, it is estimated that the population of the country could reach about 25 million. With such a large population base, millions of troops could be mobilized to fight in a short period of time, so the frequent large-scale corps battles in this book were not caused by the jazz's fever.
As for some book friends, I wonder if you have paid attention to reading: The three major countries in Kanto: Qi, Chu, and Zhao are basically ruled by the original aristocratic class. In order to gain the support of their own people, they have no reason to massacre civilians. In order to gain the support of their own people, the rule of Qin collapsed faster, so the population base of these three countries will not suffer much loss, and it is entirely possible to mobilize a large army of hundreds of thousands of people. The same is true for Wei and Han, and the population will not be much loss. Perhaps only Nanyang, Nanjun, the area of the territory of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, and the Chu army and the aristocrats who fought more severely, will be reduced a lot, but it should not have a fundamental impact on the overall population base. (The murderous demon Xiang Yu is still under the control of Xiang Liang, and it is impossible to slaughter everywhere as he wants. Moreover, he has been staying in Chu, and there is no reason to kill his own people!)
There are also many book friends who are worried about food, supplies and military expenditure. The sir here also explains that in the Warring States Period and the Qin Dynasty, the army of the various vassal states had no military pay. It can also be said that the soldiers at that time were all conscripts, which saved a considerable amount of military expenditure. The country normally only needed to provide food and supplies to the army.
Speaking of food, agricultural production in various countries was also quite developed at that time, and it may even exceed the imagination of most book friends. Take Qin as an example here: In the Qin Dynasty, farmers in Qin were not allowed to leave the land, and farming was their destiny; all the oxen in Qin was registered in the government, and farmers were absolutely not allowed to abuse without orders and kill oxen, otherwise they might be severely punished. Even if the oxen was hungry and lost in a village, the relevant responsible person would be beaten ten times, and if the oxen was not well managed, they would be
In other words, county magistrates and county magistrates may be punished by the court. Of course, if the official history and farmers take good care of the plowing ox, the country will reward them. Qin attaches great importance to the popularization and protection of advanced agricultural tools. When the Qin army was still equipped with a large number of bronze weapons, Qin farmers have basically used iron farm tools. In order to ensure the interests of some poor farmers, the government will borrow advanced iron tools to these poor people for free. Even if they are worn out by farmers and are used normally, farmers are not responsible.
Any compensation; the Qin State attaches unprecedented importance to the weather. If it rains, all regions must accurately report the amount of rain to the top, and the scope of the rain must also be reported clearly. If a drought or locust plague occurs, it must be reported in a timely manner, otherwise the state's punishment will be very strict; in addition, the Qin State's agricultural department is very advanced in the management of agricultural production, strictly and pays attention to practical experience. For example, in the Guanzhong region, the Qin State stipulates that two and two-thirds of the dou of rice seeds per mu, and one for millet and wheat
Dou, two-thirds of the beans, half a dou of soybeans. If the land is fertile, the seeds per mu can be reduced appropriately... There are many similar regulations, but these seemingly harsh regulations ensured that the Qin State's agricultural production was highly developed at that time and provided sufficient food for the Qin army to fight everywhere. Although the Kanto countries were different from Qin's laws, they believed that if they could fight against Qin for hundreds of years, their agricultural management would not be too bad, otherwise it would be impossible to support the huge army and fight against Qin.
As for the issue of baggage, the Jazz explained in this book in a very detailed manner: all countries have built powerful military systems, with young and middle-aged craftsmen and women working day and night to create huge military supplies for the army. Their advanced and perfection may be amazing in modern times.
Speaking of this, the book lovers should have basically solved the doubts in their hearts. Of course, there may be some reasons why the Jazz did not say, for example: After hundreds of years of continuous wars, the people at that time had a strong tolerance for poverty, and the heavy grain production areas of Bashu and Jiangnan were less damaged. I won’t describe them in detail here!
Chapter completed!