Constantinople

The Russian representative Alexander Menshkov, who had lost face at the negotiating table, was quickly found, but his methods were a bit unsightly.

On April 2, 1851, Myshkov visited the Sultan and ordered the Sudanese government to remove the pro-British and French foreign minister Fu'ad and replace it with the pro-Russian Rifat.

Facts have proved that rough means are often the most direct and effective. Under pressure from the Russians, the Sudanese government compromised.

Minshkov told the world with practical actions that who is the boss in the Near East? Politicians from all over the world collectively lost their voices, and everyone will feel a headache when facing a player who does not abides by the rules.

Britain and France, which were slapped in the face, naturally would not be willing to fail, but in the Near East, their voices were simply unable to compare with the Russians, and even lower than those of Austria.

Without waiting for them to take action, Myshkov submitted a diplomatic note to the Sudanese government, accusing the Sudanese government of unfair treatment of the Orthodox Church, and demanding that the two countries sign an agreement to manage the Orthodox Church by the Russian government, and the Ottoman government shall not interfere in the affairs of the Orthodox Church.

Unfair treatment is inevitable. In fact, the Sudanese government has relaxed its religious policies in an attempt to eliminate religious contradictions in the country.

Unfortunately, this contradiction has continued since the establishment of the Ottoman Empire. It cannot be resolved by a government decree, and the Russian intervention has made the situation even more chaotic.

… (Specific religious issues, 10,000 words are omitted)

The Russians' request has touched the bottom line of the Ottoman Empire. If this condition is agreed, it means that more than one-third of the people will be handed over to the Russians for management.

Britain and France could not tolerate the Russians' expansion of their sphere of influence. At this time, the British had already confirmed that war was inevitable, and the Russians were just looking for excuses for this war.

London

After the Constantinople negotiations were passed on, the British government was considering how to make a decision in the next Russian-Turkish war.

Foreign Minister Parmeston thought for a while and said, "Prince, if you want to suppress the ambitions of the Russians, it is not enough to win over the French. We must get support from Austria.

When necessary, we can organize the European coalition and join forces to curb the Russian ambitions."

John Russell shook his head and said, "Mr. Parmeston, the issue of organizing the coalition forces is on hold for the time being. We all know that things are not that simple.

On the issue of Russia, European countries have different attitudes, and many countries have no pain. It is almost impossible for them to work together to attack the Russians.

You should talk about how to win over Austria. If we can bring them over and unite the power of the Three Kingdoms, we can suppress the Russians in the Near East."

Parmeston analyzed: "Information sent back from Constantinople shows that the Russians and Austria have reached a compromise, and we are not clear about the specific conditions.

Now the Russians have recognized Austria's sphere of influence in the Balkans. In return, Austria also supports the Russian ambitions for the Ottoman Empire.

This compromise does not mean that the conflict between the two countries on the Balkan issue no longer exists, but is temporarily suppressed by common interests.

According to the Russians' appetite, even if the two countries reach an agreement, they will eventually break up due to conflicts of interest. It is impossible for the Austrian government to not know about these issues.

The old fox Metternich would stand on the side of the Russians this time, which also marked a change in the Austrian government's national policy.

It seems that the collapse of the Vienna system has hit the Austrians very hard, and now they are no longer seeking balance in Europe. In this regard, we have lost an ally in continental policy.

Being neighbors with the Russians, you must always be awake. Taking a nap means danger. The current Austrian government is preparing to cause trouble.

The division of the Balkans is just an ostensible reason. More importantly, the Austrian government felt threats and was unwilling to continue to take responsibility for blocking the Russians.

To provoke the Russians' war and to buy time for domestic development, the expansion in the Balkans is just a by the way."

At this time, the London government regretted that the Vienna system had collapsed. After the Vienna system collapsed, they could indeed get rid of restrictions on interfering in European affairs, but the results were not ideal.

From the beginning of supporting the Kingdom of Sardinia to the current Near East crisis, the London government has achieved almost no decent diplomatic results.

The situation in Europe has become more complicated and involves a lot of their energy. On the contrary, it is not as good as the Vienna system era, when the European continent is balanced and stable, so they can be confident and bold in expanding their power overseas.

In this regard, the Vienna system also became the hegemon of the British Empire.

The Secretary of State asked in confusion: "Mr. Parmeston, according to your judgment, it is impossible for us to win over Austria?"

The Austrian Empire has always been on the front line of anti-Russia, and the two countries have not become enemies. This shows the diplomatic capabilities of the Habsburg family.

Such a confrontation is obviously not conducive to the development and growth of Austria. The government's energy has been exhausted by its neighbors, so where can it still have the ability to develop itself?

Before the Vienna system collapsed, the Austrian government asked the British for help, asking the London government to pay for the system, but was rejected by the government at that time.

The British initially gave the suggestion that the Austrian government would carry out social reforms, and after the social reforms were completed, they would have money.

Facts have proved that after completing social reforms, the financial difficulties can indeed be reversed. However, the current Austrian government is no longer interested in the Vienna system.

I work hard for European balance, but the biggest beneficiary under the system makes a fortune while silently making a sound, and no one can balance it.

Parmeston thought about it and replied: "It depends on the Russians. If they can make the Austrian government feel threatened, then we can bring Austria over."

The same is true in history. Austria's turnaround was not because of the temptation of interests between Britain and France, nor the conflict of interests in the Danube River Basin of Russia and Austria. The most important thing is to feel the threat.

For the sake of his own strategic security, it would be normal to betray allies. Even if Franz was replaced, when the Russians showed too strong strength and could threaten Austria, he would also choose to rebel.

The same is true for the Russians. If Austria is too strong and can threaten them, it will still become an enemy.

...

Since the military expansion bill was passed, Austria has set off a wave of joining the army. The temptation of land is huge, especially after the meritorious ministers in the last war obtained the land and became a role model.

The soldiers who joined the army last time were lucky and had a good fight from beginning to end. They could not understand the cruelty of the war. Even if there was cruelty, it was for the enemy.

This time, when we expanded our army and prepared for war, we almost said that we would attack the Ottoman Empire. If we were to attack the Ottoman Empire two hundred years ago, everyone's first reaction was definitely fear. Now everyone's eyes were all about military achievements.

Who made the Ottoman Empire decline? Austria and Russia joined forces and could not beat the Ottoman?

The risk is not great and the reward is generous, so it is naturally popular.

Not to mention ordinary people, even the nobles were trying to enter the army to serve. The war that was destined to be victorious was everyone who wanted to go in and make military achievements.

This kind of opportunity is not easy to encounter. I missed this opportunity and I don’t know when the next foreign war will be.

There was already a long queue in front of the conscription site. The idea of ​​"fresh fame but win immediately" is very popular in the European continent.

In this era, if you want to make a name for yourself, you will make military achievements on the battlefield. Especially for the lower class, this is almost the only way to the upper class.

In the last war, many reserve officers and soldiers shined. In the eyes of many people, even if they cannot enter the regular army, entering the reserve is a good choice.

Austria has a very high status in military personnel, and even reserve soldiers are highly respected.

A young officer looked at the long queue and sighed and said, "There are many people coming today. It seems that our recruitment standards are still possible to improve."

A middle-aged officer next to him glared at him in dissatisfaction and said, "Welston, don't let me express my feelings in a mess. Just organize a test for me soon.

Remember that this time I will give priority to Austrian admissions, so I will not be able to train them after I get the troops."

"Yes, Major!" Wellston replied immediately

Austria has not issued a clear language exclusion bill, but the government, military, enterprises and other institutions have all tacitly given priority admission to those who can use Austrian.

In folk dialect, it means: "You don't even know how to use a language. Do you want me to give you a translator?"

This is the most realistic problem. Language is not connected and communication remains unchanged. After being born in society, finding a job becomes the first problem.

Even if nationalists have to accept this social reality, it is difficult to find a job without learning Austrian.

Want preferential treatment? Sorry, in Austrians, the government is not allowed to intervene at will.

After three years of promotion, although Austrian has not been popularized by the whole nation, most people in the city have mastered common language.

Now this scene can be seen in many parts of Austria. In order to do this, the Austrian government has also spent a considerable price.

Especially when the promotion was just launched, it was boycotted by many nationalists. Unfortunately, they were not lucky and happened to catch up with the Great Revolution, and those who caused trouble were harmonious.

What made them most angry was that after the Austrian government took counter-incidence, not only did it not arouse public anger, but the domestic situation improved rapidly.

Up to now, all schools in Austria are mainly Austrian, and other languages ​​and characters are almost the same as foreign languages. They are elective courses and are paid elective courses.

People are realistic. If you don’t take the entrance exam, you don’t need to find a job, and you have to pay extra money for your studies. Gradually, everyone naturally doesn’t pay attention to it. The keywords of ethnicity and independence also fade away in everyone’s lives.

Even not long ago, Franz ordered the ban on all non-Austrian books and newspapers in China.

Many people think that this will cause social unrest, but the reality is very slap in the face. Except for some experts and scholars who are shouting, ordinary people have no concerns at all.

Nationalism also needs publicity, and the publicity channels are cut off. Who knows what this is?

Under the suppression of the government, it soon became an underground idea. If you want to spread it, it depends on the actual situation. Since the reform of the education system, young students have stopped playing with them.

After the second-year suicide squad, these people's combat effectiveness was greatly reduced. They stood up to oppose the government? Those who dared to do this would have been in there long ago. How could they have the chance to be in until now?

Fickvenna, a Hungarian writer, is one of the representative figures of Hungarian nationalism.

But he belonged to the moderates, opposed all violent revolutions, and did not make any independent efforts with Kosut. He even published articles criticizing the atrocities of the revolutionary party.

This kind of threatless existence was naturally not washed away. He was very worried recently, even more worried than when the Kingdom of Hungary was split.

For a nationalist, Hungary is acceptable if it is gone because he does not reject becoming an Austrian, but without Hungary's national language and writing, he can't help it.

Not long ago, the Hungarian Qianjin newspaper, sponsored, was suspended. Although this small newspaper was not as popular as the sales volume of each issue was less than a thousand copies, this was also the career he fought for.

What made him even more unacceptable was that the Hungarian Nationality School, established by Earl of Eastfan Seccheni, also included Hungarian as paid elective courses, not as a teaching language.

Now he wants to fight with the school leaders, and he cannot let the count's efforts go to waste. At this moment, he hated the revolutionaries led by Kosut.

If it were not for the rebellion in 1848, the Kingdom of Hungary was still the Kingdom of Hungary, and under the leadership of the Earl of Eastfan Seccheni, they could have carried out social reforms and established an ideal Hungarian society.

There is no if in history. After losing the leader, their Hungarian reformists became a mess, and many of them were incorporated by the Austrian government.

If nothing unexpected happens, Ficvina will not be able to accept the goodwill of the Austrian government. Now he still wants to work hard for his former dream.

"President Engels, why did he cancel Hungarian?" Fickvenna asked

Teng Engels explained: "Mr. Fickvenna, you should know that the Hungarian Ethnic School has been maintained by external donations since its establishment, and we only charge a small amount of tuition.

The donations we have received in the past two years have been greatly reduced, and the school’s funds have been in trouble. Since a year ago, the salaries of faculty and staff have not been paid on time.
To be continued...