"A knowledgeable people often say that the great harm in the world is nothing more than annexation. The rich are all over the fields, and the poor are not allowed to set up a cone. Without land, the farmer planted a grain of millet in spring and harvested ten thousand seeds in autumn. There is no idle land in the world. Farmers starved to death. Everyone knows that land annexation has great harm, and the world is difficult to do, but it is impossible to stop annexation. In the Tang Dynasty, the world is equal in terms of fields. So what if the country is established in the Tang Dynasty? The wine and meat are smelly, and the road is frozen to death. The harm of annexation is getting worse and worse. The dynasty did not establish a land system, and it would not be suppressed for less than a hundred years. It can be seen that uneven fields are not useful for annexation, and only one or two generations will benefit only. When the country was first established, it would be of great use to stabilize the world. If it was to be stable for a long time, it would be difficult to do it."

Speaking of this, Du Zhongxiao shook his head. The land in the agricultural society naturally preserves its value. The later the dynasty, the more difficult it is to reclaim land. The more stable the existing land value is, the land will be concentrated in some people, and most of them will become hired farmers. In the industrial society, as long as the house is made of land, this can be done. At that time, land was rented, and then rented houses, and hired farmers became tenants. The nature of the land, such as the quantity is basically stable and scarce, is for farmers who need it.

If necessary, it can be convenient for transactions. If it is replaced with a house, the landlord will complete a gorgeous turn. The most typical example is Hong Kong. The people with excess houses are landlords, the real estate developers are big landlords, and the few places are small landlords. The houses they live in are self-cultivated farmers, the people who rent other people live in are hired farmers, and the people who share the houses are hired farmers, and the people who can't afford to rent can only live in dormitories, otherwise the poor farmers who sleep on the streets have no change at all. It's just that they have changed their faces, and everyone still lives in the past.

Land prices will naturally fall when high? That is not high enough. As long as it is so high that most people can't afford it, only a few landlords can buy it, and it will naturally not fall. Most landlords form a consensus that this is used to preserve value. The possession of land represents wealth. If someone sells it, there are always many people to buy it. It can be traded at any time, and the high land prices can be maintained. The same is true for houses. Without other financial means to participate and without the strong intervention of the regime, the price can keep rising. It will definitely fall? As long as most people can't afford it, it's enough. The reason why housing prices will definitely fall is because of financial characteristics and are influenced by other financial means. After all, people who occupy many real estate are also players in the financial market.

If a conclusion is derived from an extremely complicated process, most people in the world are confused and need not pay attention to this conclusion. Things in the world are simple, the process is complicated, and the conclusions must be simple and can be tested, such as the knowledge of natural science. If the conclusions cannot be tested, the process is so complicated that it is difficult to understand, and most of them serve some people. Even if it is not, they will be changed to Yes by the powerful.

This is the case with many knowledge and conclusions in sociology and economics. It is better for ordinary people to ignore it. The way to deal with it is simple and direct. Corresponding to land mergers is land management, corresponding to house mergers is public rental housing, and there is one, there is nothing, there is nothing.

Thinking of this, Du Zhongxiao smiled self-deprecatingly and said to the two: "Don't bother talking too much, drink, drink."

When I arrived at Jingxi Road, I thought about arranging extra wing troops and reclaiming idle fields. I only realized the rest after doing it.

Wang Anshi and Han Jiang knew that Du Zhongxiao was about to lead troops away. Today, they said this to teach all the knowledge and thoughts of the past few years. How could they even think that Du Zhongxiao talked too much? If it weren't for being heart-to-heart, who would have told others about this?

After using the wine and food for a while, Du Zhongxiao said: "After all the time, for others, for us who are in charge of politics, the core between this is still savings. As long as the savings among the people are not handled well, there will be a big chaos. Officials seize the wealth of the people and there will be chaos. Officials give the wealth of the people, but there will still be chaos. Officials ignore the wealth of the people, which will become more and more intense, and eventually the world will be in chaos. This is the foundation of chaos, and those who govern must observe it."

"Unless the people have nothing, they will face two things with money. One is to maintain their value, and they will not lose money. How many copper coins have they cast in their hands over thousands of years? The money on the market is not enough. Good money is not seen, bad money, iron coins are used happily, and many places even only collect grain and cloth. This dynasty minted millions of chunks of money every year, and with capital and freight, they are actually losing money now. Making money will lose money. How can you believe in this kind of thing? But it is really

Yes. If you want to avoid losing money, you have seen the method and issue money to attract money. As long as the court accumulates enough copper, the mine can be exported into the court, and even casting is exempted. At this time, let the people save the money in the savings bank and keep it in the court. As long as the value is maintained, a big problem will be resolved. Another problem faced by the people is to pass on the inheritance and their own money must be in the hands of their descendants. As long as the court is not greedy for this matter, according to the cash, the money in the savings bank can be kept by the children."

Wang Anshi frowned and said, "Since that's the case, the money from the savings bank and Changpingsi have already allowed the savings to maintain their value. What else is there?"

Du Zhongxiao said: "The other problem is inequality. It is far from enough to talk about land suppression and uneven land. It is just because the land preserves its value the most. Just change to something that preserves its value, such as currency, it can be slowed down."

Speaking of this, Du Zhongxiao laughed himself. When currency can maintain value, most of the private savings will be concentrated on currency. After all, this method is simple and direct. A house is a sign of wealth. First, ask if you have a house, how many houses you have, where, and whether it is a school district house. If you exchange it for currency, it means how much deposit you have. It is much simpler. Going further, when the labor force is maintained, you will ask how many people you have and how many strong laborers you have. Knowledge is wealth? It has also been. When marriage asks about your education, whether you are a college student, or a college student in which school.

These are funny to say, but in fact they have happened before. Real life is always so humorous.

"However, there is a problem with currency preserving value, which is that there are too many factors influencing it. If the court wants to maintain currency preservation, it is too tiring and too restricted. Many things cannot be done, so it always needs to be changed. Even if it is willing to suffer for a while, if it is changed, it will always give up over time. Because it is too easy for the court to do things in currency and it is too tempting."

Han Jiang smiled and said, "That's natural. Just print a few pieces of paper and you can buy everything. Who can stand it!"

Du Zhongxiao also laughed. Wang Anshi didn't laugh because in his opinion, it was not difficult to help but. Extraordinary people have great ideas.

Du Zhongxiao said: "It is so difficult to maintain the value of money. The use of land to preserve value will cause mergers and lead to instability in the world. So what is better to use to preserve value? After thinking about it, there is only one other thing, that is debt."

Wang Anshi frowned: "Debt? Who issues the debt?"

Du Zhongxiao said: "Of course it's the court. The state can issue national debts, Changping officials can issue road debts, and states can issue state debts. As long as these debts can repay principal and interest, they can maintain their value. For most people, they can replace land. With other means of preservation, the price of land is linked to annual production and taxation, and there is always a boundary for the rise. As long as the court adjusts the tax on land, it can interfere with the price of land and curb mergers. The land price cannot rise, and the price of the employer is limited, and there is no benefit to the large land. If there are other places in the world to hire people, you can want to live a family and a young family. If the customer has other places to go, who will be angry with those rich families? This is the story that happened in Zaoyang County."

Han Jiang asked: "How can I spend my debts when I have issued a debt? If there is no income, wouldn't it be that the court subsidizes the people? Using the court's money to keep the people's value is a bottomless abyss, and it's not enough."

"Yes, if you issue a debt and borrow money, you always have to invest it. Otherwise, the court will pay for profits in vain, but it won't work. Just like what I said just now, such as building land affairs, building bridges and roads, building factories like the iron supervision, etc. The court governs the world. If the debt is lost as a whole, will the government have something to say? As long as you make money as a whole, the debt can maintain its value for the long term, replace the land, and curb mergers. However, the borrowed money is not something that the court needs to make up for insufficient money and food, but must have a specific place to see benefits in the future. Otherwise, it will become a bottomless abyss."

Wang Anshi shook his head: "What is the difference between issuing bonds and printing money? In the end, the same is true, and I can't continue."

"Of course it's different. It's difficult to manage printing money, but issuing debt is much simpler, and it's easy to control it from top to bottom. After all, it's better for those who manage politics to understand in their hearts and have responsibility, otherwise everything will be empty after all. It's just that political affairs are complicated and you'll think of a simple way. If you don't, wouldn't it be the same to use money to maintain your value? It's just too difficult and involve too much energy."

Official debts can be used for simple purposes, which is to use them as private value preservation, and replace land and houses with the government's development credit, everything, etc. Wang Anshi said of course, issuing debts is as simple as printing money. It is not for private value preservation and management is simple, and it is completely unnecessary. If it is not for the purpose of maintaining value, the debt of the regime becomes poison, which is another matter. No matter how you commit suicide, it has nothing to do with the means.

Official assets are used to invest in infrastructure preservation and appreciation and open up more areas for social development, and there are two sources. One is fiscal surplus, and the other is debt for preservation. If debt is used for other purposes, whether it is to eat food or solve the crisis, it has nothing to do with fundamentally solving the problem.
Chapter completed!