Public ownership is not new, and the limitation of socialism is not added, but the norm in Chinese history. Whether it is land as a means of agricultural production or a factory for industrial capital, China has been the biggest controller for one or two thousand years. In most cases, taxation is only the role of paying the salaries of officials and the army. The huge cost of maintaining the operation of the regime is actually borne by the biometric information directly controlled by the regime.

The consequence of this is that the more developed the business, the more social wealth is tilted towards the circulation field, and the weaker the financial capacity of the regime. One of the important ones in the several reforms of the Song Dynasty was the control of the commercial field.

How to solve this problem? Du Zhongxiao didn't know. Most of the political and economic knowledge he had learned was inconsistent with the reality of the Song Dynasty and had no conditions for taking medicine according to the prescription. The theories he learned were based on the historical Europe and was based on the serfdom. It was amazing to add a Russian rural collective commune to supplement it. The so-called Eastern model was India. The political model of China's great unification and the regime's control of everything was ignored in all models. Many institutional revolutions in the theory were the norm in the history of the Chinese regime. In politics, the situation where local tyrants and bad gentry control the world during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China was not a regular form of history.

Without theoretical guidance, we can only come based on experience. The Iron Supervision established by Du Zhongxiao and the commercial system controlled by Changpingsi, which was established with shopping malls as the core, were based on the experience of previous lives. However, in the early days, the reforms of that era were from existence to none, and these were put from the hands of the regime to the people. Now, from nothing to existence, we first built the industry and commerce controlled by the official first. As for the future, we can only explore it from practice.

Wang Anshi heard Du Zhongxiao talk about his ideas with a serious expression, but he insisted on his ideas. It is difficult for businessmen in the world to manage them. If everything goes from the official business, it will become a problem of administration. There are too many experiences that can be learned from in history, and it is the bureaucrats' means.

"Oh——" Du Zhongxiao sighed. "Jiefu, let me ask you, why do you govern the world?"

Wang Anshi said: "In the past few years, Dangxiang rebelled, the court was defeated again and again, and the treasury had no accumulation, which was already a poverty-stricken situation. For the current plan, the most important thing is to enrich the country and strengthen the army. If the country is rich, then there will be money and soldiers. Only when the army is strong can one defeat foreign enemies. If there is no strong enemy outside and worry-free on the border, then one can concentrate on internal affairs, light taxes and reduce taxes, make the people happy, and the world will be governed."

In the popular words of later generations, this is a typical Spring and Autumn Thought. The core of the Spring and Autumn Period is to respect the king and expel the barbarians. Repelling the barbarians is the primary priority in the rise and fall of the world and the core of everything. Rich the country and strengthening the army is based on the reality of the Song Dynasty. The army is supported by money, which is a kind of employment relationship. With money, you can raise strong soldiers, more money can raise more strong soldiers, and with strong soldiers, you can eliminate foreign enemies. The familiar saying of Du Zhongxiao defending the country is not the mainstream of thought at this time.

Du Zhongxiao said: "Jie Fu, I think that the most important thing about governing the world is the last eight words you said, "The world is governed to make the people happy. There are strong enemies around you, the king cannot rest assured, and all officials cannot be worry-free, and the people will certainly not be happy. The people are not happy, which is for the people's hearts. The so-called "upper and the bottom of the country win, the people are the basis for winning, and the people must be victorious. Retreat the strong enemy outside is for great governance. A country rich does not necessarily have strong soldiers, and a strong army does not necessarily have to be rich in the country. The people's hearts are the fundamental to everything. For example, the Song Dynasty and the Khitan, which dynasty is rich in the dynasty and the northern country? Which country has more population? Was the army stronger than that of that country? This is Jie Fu's mistake. A country rich is not as rich as the world rich in the world. If the world is rich, the treasury is abundant, the people are rich, but the country rich may not be like this."

Wang Anshi frowned: "It makes sense when I wake up, but I'm afraid this matter cannot be done?"

Du Zhongxiao smiled and said, "If you can do it, you will always find out if you try it. I came to Jingxi Road, built railway supervision, and built field affairs. Now I have built shopping malls and villages in Changping. The people will benefit. In addition to the benefits of the people, the wealth handed over to the court several times that of a few years ago, and it can be said that the country is rich. Now I have trained the wing army so that they can defend against strong enemies. If one day I come to the battlefield and win several big victories, I will know whether I can strengthen the army!"

This is the most difficult thing for Wang Anshi to understand and is particularly interested in. Du Zhongxiao's actions on Jingxi Road in recent years have not only benefited the court, but the money and grain he handed over has increased several times, but the people have also become rich. The country and the people have become rich, and they have grown simultaneously. As for Du Zhongxiao's training in the wing army, Wang Anshi understands and agrees. Combining soldiers with the people and integrating soldiers and civilians is the traditional Chinese idea, which has a long history.

After thinking about it, Wang Anshi said, "I have been in Baiting Prison for a few days and have understood the people's conditions. I can see that the people there are rich and there are rare places in the world. It would be fine if the people who make money and work in the Iron Prison will benefit, but there are still many people who come out of the Iron Prison and build their own workshops, making more money. When I was aware of it, is this a loss of official wealth among the people and dig out the corner of the Iron Prison?"

Du Zhongxiao said: "You can't say that. A railway supervisor always has some business that is not suitable for production, goods that are not suitable for production, and places where products cannot cover them. These are all opportunities for the people. When an industry is just beginning to develop, and people who join in will of course make a fortune, but their methods are different."

Wang Anshi said again: "Doing this way means learning skills in the Iron Prison, saving some money, and then starting your own business and earning a lot of money. In this way, the wealth of the country and the wealth of the people will not go against each other. Can it last for a long time?"

Du Zhongxiao shook his head: "Of course not. One day, the places where money can be made on the market have reached their limits. The small market outside will grow bigger and compete with the iron supervisor for the opportunity to make money. At that time, it will be difficult for the people to open new markets, even the old market will be persistent. Big fish eat small fish, small fish eat shrimp, and merge with each other. If there is no accident, it may be possible that the people will have workshops that can compete with the iron supervisor."

Wang Anshi said: "Even at that time, you can still work in them, learn skills, save money, and come out to start the show."

Du Zhongxiao shook his head slowly: "It's impossible. At that time, the opportunity for making money in this industry was all divided up by the big market. The capital for doing things among the people has risen and no new market can be opened. If you want to reappear in the past, you can only squeeze the big market out of the people and do it again."

Seeing that Wang Anshi's face was solemn and he didn't speak for a while, obviously he couldn't understand his meaning, Du Zhongxiao continued: "Now there are small fields in the Iron Supervision Bureau. As long as there is technology, the goods can be sold, and it is very easy to open a new market without much capital. But how can this situation continue? As more and more places are opened, the land price will rise first, and the wages for hiring people will rise, and the cost of selling goods will also rise. Day by day, the same small market will be opened.

The capital is getting higher and higher. It won’t take long to work in the Railway Supervision Bureau and it is impossible to save the capital for the opening. What should I do? Then there are several people who work together, then the rich people who invest, and then borrow. At this point of borrowing, the profit at the opening will be distributed to the borrowers as interest. As the capital increases, the proportion of interest in profits will become larger and larger. At this time, the larger market will be added to lending. Even if you make less money, you will still make money with interest, and the small market will gradually become unable to do it."

This process is the process of financial capital and industrial capital combined with financial capital to harvest industrial profits. When industrial profits cannot be paid interest, the industry cannot develop. Only the surviving capital combined with financial and industrial will increase industrial profits, reduce costs and increase sales prices, start a new round of development, and enter the monopoly stage.

With the increase in profits and the development of financial capital, the threshold for other capital to enter the industry has increased greatly, and small producers have no chance at all. For example, the price of land rises, the prices of fixed assets such as nearby houses rise, and the circulation costs increase, and the industry has become exclusive.
Chapter completed!