After chatting about the business of field business for a while, Du Zhongxiao suddenly said: "When talking about school, I have compiled a few booklets in these days, and I want to teach the folk in the future. Zirong will take a look at whether it is appropriate, and add or delete it."

After saying that, he got up and returned to his study room, and soon he got back three booklets.

"This book is "Recognition of Literacy". It was compiled by me to teach children to recognize words, which is simple and easy to learn. Although there is no "Hundred Family Names" and "Thousand Character Text" has clear rhythm and catchy rhythm, it is better because its meaning is simple and uses all common sayings. It is not enough for literati to learn words, but the villagers have more than enough to read."

Su Song received it and saw it was an extremely thin booklet. When he opened it, it was not like the common teaching materials at this time. It was not articles, but words and words. Such as chickens, ducks, peas, dogs, horses, cows, and sheep. There were also graphics drawn next to it, which was easy to identify.

Su Song looked at it and remained silent. It is indeed much easier to teach people to read in this way than ordinary textbooks, but using words is too vulgar, which is not conducive to reading articles. Reading requires learning, and articles written by educated people have different characteristics and are different from speaking. Even if this kind of textbook teaches people to read, they still have to learn again in the future. Fortunately, there are a few poems at the end, all of which are simple and similar to children's songs, and they are barely like scholars. It is easy to read in this way, but it is difficult to get started in the future. It is not a good or bad.

Seeing that Su Song didn't speak, Du Zhongxiao knew what he meant. Han Yueniang was unwilling to learn to read and teach her son. After learning to recognize words in this way, it is hard to say whether it is good or bad for studying in the future. The advantage is that you know literacy early, and the bad thing is that you are prone to develop bad habits. At the most important stage of studying, there is a gap with real knowledge. My son will study for a Jinshi in the future. What's the use of learning these? That is, his son is too young now, and Han Yueniang allows Du Zhongxiao to make trouble. When he is about to be in the quest for education at the age of six or seven, he will definitely not agree to use this kind of textbook.

Su Song did have the same idea. This idea cannot be wrong. Learning is a process of transforming people's thoughts, not simply learning knowledge. He originally wanted to compile a few more volumes according to his own learning process and write some common idioms into easy-to-understand stories. When he understood that literacy is not just a simple way to recognize words, but also to develop learning habits and ideological consciousness. If he does not have enough self-awareness, he did not take action.

Don’t think that primary school Chinese is simple. Those texts require extremely high levels of actual requirements and think that it is simple, but your level and vision are not enough.

Seeing that Su Song had not spoken, Du Zhongxiao said: "This book is actually a bit too simple for enlightenment. However, if it is used for craftsmen to read literacy, it is a common use. These people only use it for daily reading, and they do not know how to read classics and history to do academic research. It is enough to recognize words."

After hearing this, Su Song nodded: "If it is used in this way, it would be appropriate. But to be honest, it is not good for the son to use this booklet to open up the booklet. At this time, he was young, so it was okay to play in his spare time. In a few years, he would still ask a famous teacher to teach him."

Du Zhongxiao nodded: "I naturally understand this principle, so this book is not to guide people to do knowledge, but only to recognize words. In fact, if you can read and recognize words, you don't have to pass on your own words. It is a great thing to learn by reading and reading. We scholars are enlightened and use rhymes, but other industries may not necessarily. It is like farming, teaching some daily miscellaneous characters in farmland, which is more like reading "Thousand Character Classic". Other industries have the same principle. There are suitable textbooks, and you can recognize words and learn knowledge. However, it is not easy to write such textbooks. You must be familiar with the industry and be able to write easy-to-understand articles, which is difficult to find such people. For example, teaching farming to read literacy.

, can teach them how to use the solar terms, know the time of heaven and earth, and know the geography of farming. There are very few people who can write it. Since ancient times, although the court often printed and issued it to various places, it was not widely circulated. It is because the books were written by scholars, and they cannot be easily understood and the people cannot spread it. Like the "Sutra of Plum and Hoe", it says that the farm tools are very detailed, the drawings are clear, and the shapes are clear, and each piece has its name. It is a rare masterpiece in the farming books. But after all, it was written by literati. If you read them to the farmer, they will not understand why. After this book was published, the court published it many times and was promulgated by the world, but it was not widely spread. Farming is the foundation of the world, especially in this way, other industries can be imagined."

After hearing this, Su Song smiled and said, "This is a big problem. It cannot be done by one person in a hurry."

"Building fields and doing things in various fields will be done, and all walks of life will be taken care of. If you do it with your heart, it will be good to open the world. This book "Recognition of Literacy" means this. Teach people to recognize a few words, and then let all walks of life compile their own textbooks. In the future, setting up schools and teaching according to books will be much easier. With school teaching, you will not have to worry about lack of talents."

Only then did Su Song understand what Du Zhongxiao meant and nodded, "Doing this will bring good luck to the world."

Literacy is the first step in education. Only when this step can the learning be carried out later. In this era, education was only at a relatively low level of reading and knowledge, with only a few industries such as medicine and martial arts, and there were not many professional education.

Putting down the "License> booklet, Du Zhongxiao handed over another book and said: "This book is "Fangtian", which contains some arithmetic content, mainly teaching how to measure land, estimate grain output, and so on. Once you learn it, you can calculate the acres of land and calculate the amount of seeds when farming. There are two or three people who learn these contents in a village, which will be of great help."

Su Song took the booklet, looked through it, and was shocked: "I didn't expect that it was really difficult to understand this kind of knowledge. The things here looked simple, but it was extremely difficult to learn them. There were many things here, and I had never seen them. And they were easy to understand, which was really rare!"

This is actually a basic mathematics textbook, but it focuses on practicality. It is two ways to link mathematics and astronomy at this time, mainly focusing on geography. Start teaching simple arithmetic, four-line operations, and the following is geometry, length and distance, and area and volume. The contents are mainly primary school mathematics, and a little bit of knowledge in junior high school.

Don’t underestimate these simple mathematical knowledge, but it is very practical and urgently needed in reality. The Song Dynasty did not suppress mergers and did not establish a land system. The land tax was determined according to the books passed down from the previous dynasty. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, no land acres have been measured since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Not to mention that the landlords deliberately concealed it, even in the past century, the actual arable land was far from the numbers on the books. The land acres were unclear, and the taxes were naturally chaotic. Those with land did not pay taxes, and those without land paid heavy taxes. This is not an individual phenomenon at a certain time. Many people realized this harm. A few years ago, Guo Zi presided over the square fields in several counties, but there was no further information.

Fangtian not only encounters strong local resistance because of interest relations, but also because of technical reasons, measuring the land acres is not that simple. Using a tape measure to measure the length, calculate the area, and accurately measure the arable land in the world is something that can only be achieved in later industrial society, and it is impossible to complete at this time. Not to mention the obstruction of the big landlords, even if they actively cooperate, there is no suitable means and enough manpower to do it.

The reason why clear land is called square fields is because what can be done in this era is to divide the cultivated land into one side and roughly estimate a number, which cannot be accurate. For example, the square field method implemented by Guo Zi is to set a thousand steps per square, and set a mark as the basis for taxation. If it continues to be precise, the shape of the cultivated land cannot be square, and not many people can calculate the area of ​​various triangles and trapezoids.

The purpose of the square field is not to the court collect more taxes. In fact, every time the square field is based on the premise that the tax remains unchanged. If the hidden fields are found, the average tax rate here will be reduced and the total amount of land tax remains unchanged. The purpose of the square field is actually to make the books and actual arable land consistent, so that the court can truly grasp the agricultural resources figures of a land, and let the farmer have an average tax based on the land amount, so it is called equal tax.

If this booklet can really teach a large number of people to clear the land acres, the resistance to square fields will be reduced a lot. Why should people with no land or people with little land pay taxes for others? When they understand this, square fields will have a mass base.

Nowadays, due to various reasons, the taxes in the books are uneven. People with more land pass on the burden to others. Those with less land are poor, but they pay taxes for others. This is not only the rich oppress the poor, but also because a large number of people do not know how much land they plant. When they plant a piece of land, others say that one acre is one acre, and ten acres are ten acres. They don’t know the big words and count them to hundreds. Can they still measure it by themselves?

If farmers can calculate their own area, they will fight for their own interests, and it will be much easier to square fields.

These basic mathematical knowledge is not only useful for agriculture, but is useful in all walks of life. Mathematics is the foundation of science and technology.

Su Song himself is proficient in technology and can tell the value of this book at a glance. The knowledge in it is not very profound, but it is better to be systematic and can easily learn some basic knowledge. The content here does not exceed the mathematical level at this time. At this time, there are many mathematicians whose basic qualities exceed those of junior high school students in later generations, which is also conducive to supplementing and promoting textbooks.

Seeing that Su Song's attitude was very different from what he had just said, Du Zhongxiao handed over another booklet and said: "This book "Accounting" is specifically about how to settle accounts. The government recruits officials and requires proficient in book calculations, but it is very rare for such people. I compiled this booklet, specifically about account calculations and settlements. It is not only useful to the officials in the yamen, but also to merchants, and even ordinary people can use it."

There are not those who know how to calculate accounts with basic mathematical knowledge. There are many people who can do mathematical problems but cannot calculate accounts. There are both mathematical methods and accounting methods, and there are also necessary information on account verification. At this time, the official use of the flow of accounts. The world government offices and tax factories in various places have a unified format for accounting. Remember the accounts clearly, but it is not easy to calculate them clearly.

The world's account books will be unified into the Three Divisions. The Three Divisions compiled "Accounting Records" every leap year, which is the economic statistics of the Song Dynasty. However, the three Divisions have a lot of books, and except for a few geniuses who serve as the Three Divisions, the accounts are not clear at all. The compiled "Accounting Records" often copy the previous ones and cannot reflect the actual economic situation at all.

Why is Chen Shu, the father of Prime Minister Chen Zhizhong, valued by the two emperors Taizong and Zhenzong, and he still misses the government and the people still think that he is the best three-sector envoy? It is because he is stronger than mental calculations and can calculate it by taking the accounts and reading them. Such a genius is hard to come by. Why can Ding Wei dominate the world? Because when he was the Three-sector envoy, he could calculate the accounts clearly and actually compile a book of "Accounting Records". The economic situation in the world is in his mind. No matter how extravagant or wasteful he can always make money.

Du Zhongxiao is not a genius. He does not have the ability to calculate mentally like Chen Shu, nor is he as smart and careful as Ding Wei. He has to use his own method to figure out the accounts. When Du Zhongxiao was in Yongcheng, he couldn't even figure out the accounts of the field affairs and the commune when he was in Yongcheng. His method was to use a new accounting method, and each level made detailed statistics. The next level only needed to clear and review it.

The double accounting is not complicated. It has already taken shape in this era, but it is not a system and there is no unified standard. This booklet talks about how to keep accounts, how to settle, and how to review. As long as you follow this set of procedures, the accounts can be clear and clear at a glance. Of course, from three departments to one state and one county, to field business, and even various tax and field business, such a complex system is inevitable, and it is better to control it within a reasonable range.

When Su Song took over as the magistrate of Yongcheng, he was exposed to this set of methods when he was managing the field affairs and Yongcheng Commune, and knew the benefits. Now when he saw Du Zhongxiao summarizing it and writing it into a booklet, he felt like he was clearing away the clouds and mists.

Using these three booklets as textbooks, we will build some schools and cultivate necessary talents. The basic business of land management includes the foundation. Only with talents and necessary systems can we develop healthily.

The purpose of establishing a field business is to join the boatmen from several nearby canals. The first difficulty for these people to come to the field is that they cannot farm, and the second is that they have low cultural level. They can teach them if they cannot farm. They have low cultural level and cannot read and recognize words. It will be difficult to teach.

A few months later, Du Zhongxiao was very dissatisfied with the construction of the field business and knew the difficulties. To solve the problem, according to his habit, he started from two aspects. One is to make money, and everything is easy to do with money. Another is to Daxing Education, the starting point of education is these three basic brochures.
Chapter completed!