The Kan family, located near Luoyang, is a place name. It is about 2,000 meters east of the city and faces the Luo River. 1 Han Ri is about 0.7 miles today, and 1 mile is equal to 500 meters. Therefore, it is nearly six miles east of Luoyang. There is a section of river nearby that is called the "Papermaking River", and there are also "Papermaking River Stele engravings" along the coast. Of course, the big tribes here are also "Can Family".

This Liu family is the location of papermaking workshops in the Han Dynasty. The note of "The Book of Wei" in "The Book of Wei" is called "The Book of Wu". Almost all of the Liu family are engaged in the papermaking industry. Emperor He of the Han Dynasty also visited the Liu family to inspect the papermaking workshops and paper shops here. There is a superior geographical environment for papermaking nearby, and there are relatively rich papermaking resources, such as mahjong, paper forest, etc.

At this time, under the leadership of Bi Lan, Dang Aiguo came to the papermaking workshop of the Sui family to "inspection". The leader of the Sui family came to welcome the head of the Sui family. He was quite hesitant after hearing about Dang Aiguo's request, because the site of the papermaking work was not a clean and tidy place. However, at the request of the famous Zhongchang Assistant Bi Lan and the newly promoted Zhongchang Assistant Jian Shuo, he carefully led the "inspection team" to observe the entire process of papermaking.

The scale of this inspection team is really not small. In addition to bringing four followers of Wang Can, Diao Chan, Bi Lan and Jian Shuo and more than a dozen palace servants who followed and served, Bi Lan also found many carpenters who were good at making machinery and blacksmiths who were good at making iron castings, making these craftsmen who didn't know how to make paper at all felt very confused.

Dang Aiguo, who followed many people, asked the head of the Huo clan about the history of papermaking on the way to the papermaking workshop. The other party was owed and respectfully explained the big man in a strange black suit while walking. Dang Aiguo's outfit, and two other regular attendants were accompanying him, his identity was guessed by the head of the Huo clan - the legend about "future humans and immortals" was spread to them the night that happened.

"Early papers were made of hemp. The manufacturing process was roughly to rinse hemp first, that is, soak the hemp in ash water and wash the glue; then break the hemp into hemp and then mash the hemp into hemp threads - also known as beating, so that the silk threads in hemp will be dispersed; then papermaking is carried out, even if the broken silk threads in hemp are evenly distributed on the bamboo mat immersed in water; finally take it out and dry it, and it will be made into paper. This method is very similar to the method of floating and floss, indicating that the technique of papermaking comes from the floating and floss method.

But at this time the paper was very rough, the hemp thread was not crushed enough, and the silk threads were also very unevenly distributed on the bamboo mat, so it was not convenient to write, and most of them were only used to wrap items..."

"Wait, what is the method of drifting like you just mentioned?"

When Dang Aiguo heard something he didn't understand, he immediately raised his hand to interrupt the head of the clan of the clan and asked seriously. He did not come here to go around the form, but to see if he could use the modern knowledge in his mind to help the workshop improve papermaking. He didn't understand the papermaking industry, so how could he not ask clearly?

The head of the clan clan explained patiently without any temper: "The Yuan Concubine of Emperor Huangdi of Xuanyuan, Laozu, created the method of planting mulberry trees and raising silkworms, and drew silk silk. By the Qin and Han dynasties, workers and other silk cocoons were drawn and weaved silk silk, and used the second cocoons to make silk cotton. The method of handling the second cocoons was the floating method. The key point of the operation method was to repeatedly beat them to crush the silkworm clothes. The method of beating pulping during papermaking was followed by this method."

After Dang Aiguo nodded and signaled that he could continue to explain, the leader of the clan of the Clan resumed the words he had been interrupted before.

"When Mr. Cai was appointed as the Shangfang Order, he often went to rural workshops to inspect it. After seeing the silkworms lifting silk and floating catkins, a layer of short-haired silk floss was left on the bamboo mat. It was peeled off and used to float astronomy and other objects. It was used to make paper in the palace workshops by filing, boiling, soaking, pounding, copying, etc., and then it was made into 'Cai Hou Paper'..."

Although the chief of the Clan said it was quite straightforward and spoken, it was a bit difficult for the Party Patriotic to listen to. He sorted out the key points and combined them with modern knowledge in his mind to get the process of papermaking at this time:

The first is the separation of raw materials, which is to use the method of fermenting or steaming to "burn" the raw materials in alkaline solution to remove impurities and disperse them into coarse fiber bundles; the second is to beat them, which means to cut off the fibers by cutting and pounding, and disperse the coarse fiber bundles into thinner fiber silks to make pulp. Together, these two steps are combined, Dang Maiguo knows that it should be the "pulping process". It seems that this is the only professional term he knows about the modern papermaking industry.

The third is paper making, that is, pour the pulp into water to make a suspended solution, and then use a mat, a utensil that can leak water, to continuously scoop the fine fibers in the solution on the bamboo mat, so that the fluffy-like fibers are interwoven and glued on the bamboo mat to form a piece of wet paper; the fourth is drying, that is, drying or drying the wet paper, and then peeling it off and it becomes paper. In fact, this is another professional term - "paper making technology", but the Party Patriotic did not know that papermaking is actually a professional term in the paper industry.

After arriving at the papermaking workshop, the head of the Clan clan led the "inspection team" of the Party Patriotic Empire to the place where the raw materials were placed. He stepped forward and grabbed two handfuls of different raw materials, spread them in his hands to show them to the Party Patriotic Empire.

"This is the mulberry bark. The tree is called mulberry, the people of Youzhou call it Gusang, and the people of Jingyang call it Gus. Both of these two handfuls are made of mulberry bark. The mulberry bark born in summer is also called tooth bark, which is easier to peel off from the trees, and the cravings are made of black; the bark born in the cold winter is stuck with the trunk, and when it is picked, it will stick to the white flesh of the trunk, so the cravings are white. The cravings are divided into two colors of black and white, so the paper they make is also divided into two types. In addition to mulberry bark, there are also hemp fields around the trunk of the trunk to make paper."

Dang Aiguo stared at the 'Rang' in the hands of the leader of the clan for a while, but he didn't see the reason. He raised his head and asked, "Why don't you use tree trunks to make paper?"

"The trunk of the tree is strong, how can it be made of paper?"

When the leader of the Clan heard the outside words of the Party’s patriotism, he was so angry that he was so angry that he hated those leaders who didn’t know how to pretend to understand when they came to inspect, and they had no technical content at all. But even so, he still had to bypass the “minefield” of the Party’s patriotism and accompany him to explain it carefully.

"If you cut off all the trees with raw skin, isn't it different from fishing in the lake? If you fish in the lake, you won't get it, and there will be no fish next year; if you burn the stoops and fields next year, you won't get it, and there will be no animals next year. Even if you pick and peel the mulberry bark, you can only do it in summer and winter to avoid hindering the growth of plants."

"You just need to define a piece of wood to cut down every year, and then plant new trees after cutting them down? This way, cut them down every year until the last piece of original wood is cut down. The woods that were planted for the first time have grown and become timbers can be used. Will it be possible to continuously circulate in the future? And not only the trunks, but almost all the stems of plants, including reeds and straw, can actually be used to make paper."

Dang Aiguo gave this advice, but he saw that although the leader of the Huo clan kept nodding and bowing, he probably disagreed. He must have thought about just letting him go. Anyway, these big men would not pay attention to whether the papermaking workshop really uses tree trunks to make paper.

However, Dang Aiguo was not angry. He looked at Wang Can beside him. Wang Can nodded and said that he had already remembered it in his mind. So he signaled the head of the Huo clan to take them to continue reading. The shorthand personnel following Wang Can were all writing hard while walking, and they didn't know how many of them were written incorrectly.

"This is the process of making 'raven'. First, soak the fresh mulberry bark in clean water, then soak it in ash water for two or three days, and then put it in a large pot for a day and night. Silk making workers often use lime water or wood ash water to clean the glue solution for silk and hemp. This technology also inspired the method of cleaning mulberry bark and hemp when making paper. In addition, lime water was used in papermaking, but now it has been used to use wood ash water. After using wood ash water, the pulp produced has better quality."

The head of the Clan clan said a few more words and was interrupted by the Party's patriotism again. He began to think in his mind - and not only thought, but also deliberately said it in a normal voice.

"Use lime water or wood ash water to clean the glue solution? Lime water is ca(oh)2, calcium hydroxide. Wood ash water... Wood ash can be used as fertilizer. The fertilizers include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer. The nitrogen fertilizer in nature is the biological nitrogen fixation at the roots of soybeans... urea, nitrate, saltpeter. Phosphorus fertilizer is... Phosphorus ore, struvite, shrimp skin powder, shell powder? Shell powder should be calcium, bone powder? It should also be calcium. Potassium fertilizer seems to only wood ash, so wood ash water is koh, potassium hydroxide.

Because potassium hydroxide is more alkaline than calcium hydroxide slightly soluble in water, it has better cleaning effect, so the quality of the pulp is also better. So sodium hydroxide should be better. In addition, the redox reaction has a bleaching effect. The bleaching agent can use sulfur dioxide, bleaching powder... Calcium chloride? and water to synthesize calcium hypochlorite? Prepare calcium hydroxide and salt to react to produce calcium chloride precipitation... Calcium chloride does not seem to precipitate? Forget it, skip this part of bleaching powder, and write it down first."

Dang Maiguo kept talking to himself, saying some inexplicable words that no one could understand. The head of the Huo clan, the papermaking workers who were working, and the carpenters who followed him to inspect the papermaking workshop, the blacksmiths looked at him with no difference from the look of the fool. However, his followers and the palace people who had been serving around him all had a very admiration. They heard the Book of Heaven again - it was because people couldn't understand that it was the Book of Heaven.

Because there are too many professional terms for chemistry in this passage, Dang Aiguo immediately recruited Wang Can after he finished speaking, and Diao Chan also cleverly presented pens, ink, paper and inkstone. Jian Shuo and Bi Lan, two powerful servants, who made the people look disgusted, quickly opened a new folding chair, while the other arranged a new folding table. Then Dang Aiguo sat in the workshop and wrote down the passage himself. Wang Can watched while watching, reminding him if there was any forgetting party.
Chapter completed!