The New Year is coming in a few days, and there are people everywhere in the capital. Merchants busy selling New Year’s goods and the people busy purchasing New Year’s goods.

There were also many officials who came to the capital in purple, green official robes, and gorgeously dressed nobles.

Of course, there are many young people wearing white clothes.

Next year is the first year of Kaiyuan and the fourth imperial examination for the Tang Dynasty. Although the Encyclopedia was held in Guangzhou this year, next year is still the year of the examination every three years. Thousands of scholars from all over the country gathered in Beijing, and there were 5,000 scholars who qualified for the examination. In addition, there were thousands of scholars who came to observe and make friends.

The three universities in Hanjing, Imperial College, Jingshi University, and martial arts lecture halls have also been on winter vacation. Although many students are from other places, they will not go home during their studies for a few years. The journey is long and it takes a long time. The students' winter vacation is not long, and the school will start soon after the New Year, which cannot be delayed.

During the Chinese New Year, I was still responsible for food and accommodation in the school. I took advantage of this time to visit Hanjing and have fun around me, and make friends with the students who came to Beijing through literature, or visit some officials whom I admire and great scholars.

Zhang Chao was dressed in an ordinary white dress and was very elegant. He looked very much like a young professor from the Imperial College or the University of Beijing.

In the afternoon, the winter sun is warm.

The bustling crowds on the streets were shoulder to shoulder.

Zhang Chao liked this atmosphere very much. He kept looking at the pedestrians on the road to judge their identities. Officials wearing purple and green green, officials with soap or blue, or nobles with lord swords, followed by knights with knights with knights with knights.

There were also merchants wearing silk Lingluo, followed by followers in brown or blue clothes, or burly guards carrying swords.

Or maybe the Han people who were dressed in ordinary clothes, had a straight back and a look of confidence and arrogance that the people of the capital were unique to the capital.

Some workers and friends with the name of a certain factory and shop embroidered on it were also walking in groups of people.

The white-clothed scholars often wear narrow and light swords around their waists, hold folding fans in one hand, chatting loudly, and showing a free and easy way to guide the country.

Among the vast majority of the people of the Tang Dynasty with black hair and yellow skin, there were Hu Shang walking by in groups of three or three on the street from time to time.

Some of them were holding horses, some were holding camels, some were blonde, blue-eyed, and some were black as dark as charcoal and curly hair.

These people walk on the streets of Hanjing almost all have one characteristic, that is, they have a sense of awe and yearning.

"Candy haws, sweet and delicious candied haws!"

In winter, red hawthorn is affected by bamboo sticks and dipped in maltose. The sugar will become harder when exposed to wind. The red hawthorn fruit has a layer of transparent sugar outside. It tastes crispy and sweet, with a little sour and ice-cold taste, and is deeply loved by the people, especially children.

A wooden stick wrapped around many straws and tied them into handles, and then a bunch of candied haws were inserted.

"How much does it cost!" Zhang Chao walked forward with a smile.

The person who sells candied haws is an old man, who is about fifty years old, his face is full of pleats, but his eyes are bright.

"Which kind do you want? There are many types of candied haws here, including red mountains, grapes, walnut kernels, and all kinds of them."

"Come to me, do you have any of them?"

"A bunch of three cents!" The old man took out a bunch of hawthorns, grapes, walnut kernels, etc. "My rock candied haws are a good thing. Eating them can make you appetizers, clear away heat and detoxify, eliminate fatigue, and even nourish your skin and wisdom."

"Let me tell you, even the little husband of Zhao Wang family in Anguo, I ate my candied haws last time, and I said it was delicious after eating them."

Ke Qing couldn't help but want to laugh while aside.

Zhang Chao said, "Give me a bunch of them too, and I want all hawthorns. He likes to eat sour ones."

Take it and take a bite. It is sweet, crispy, and cool, and it tastes good. Especially this hawthorn fruit, I chose a large one, and this old man is quite honest in doing business.

Taking out the wallet, Zhang Chao asked the old man, "Your candied haws are still a bit expensive. I remember that they only sold two ounces a bunch of money last year."

"There are also two-part and one string of two people. Unlike my family, first of all, I use the best malt sugar and add precious rock sugar. Secondly, my candied haws have been to the core, so it tastes more convenient and delicious."

Zhang Chao smiled loudly.

Add rock sugar? How much did you add? Add a little bit of it to advertise the rock sugar and increase the price of his candied haws. The old man is really good. As for core removal, this is a relatively smart business method, but it only uses a core removal, and the number of candied haws has not increased, but the price has increased by 50%.

No matter how you calculate it, the old man is making a big profit.

"Then I want to eat cored ones, right?"

"It's quite hard for me to get the nucleus. The old lady, daughter-in-law and daughter are working together at home."

Zhang Chao opened the wallet and there were gold coins and silver coins. The new version of the gold coins were cast with Cheng Qian's avatar, and the silver coins were cast with dragon patterns.

There are also copper coins, and there are several types. One is the Kaiyuan Tongbao and square-hole copper coins issued during the Wude period of the Tang Dynasty. The other is the Zhenguan Tongbao issued during the Zhenguan period, which is a copper coins with no holes in the middle. The last one is the newly issued new copper coins, with the characters cast on the Tang Dynasty Yuanbao and the words on the back are ten-text words.

This new type of copper monoxide is called ten coins by the people.

One is the two weights of ordinary Kaiyuan Tongbao, containing 90% copper, 80% white lead and 80% tin.

A Tang Dynasty ingot, which is the Kaiyuan Tongbao and Zhenguan Tongbao ten-text.

There were even a few old coins collected in Zhang Chao's wallet, including five Sui trees, and some were made of iron coins ordered by Li Shimin to cast.

However, the imperial court has long issued an order to recycle and prohibit the circulation of iron coins, and all old coins such as Sui Wuzhu coins are prohibited.

The only copper coins allowed to be circulated by the imperial court were Kaiyuan Tongbao and Zhenguan Tongyuan, as well as the Tang Dynasty Yuanbao that is now Chengqian New Dynasty.

In essence, the Tang Dynasty Yuanbao is no longer purely a traditional copper coin. It is a semi-credit currency. It is twice the original copper coin, but it is ten times the original copper coin, which is equivalent to five times the value increase.

The issuance of this kind of copper coins is also because the market needs it. After this year's trend, many people were worried about paper money and trusted metal coins more.

Although many businesses gradually choose to use paper money for the convenience of business, many ordinary people are more willing to use copper coins.

The demand for copper coins increased significantly, but the production of copper in the Tang Dynasty was not high, which was always a bottleneck restricting the casting of copper coins. Even the imperial court had already enacted legislation to prohibit the use of copper to make copperware, and the copper was forbidden from flowing out, and even the artillery in the army was made of iron.

In addition, a lot of copper was imported from overseas during trade, but the copper was still seriously insufficient.

Finally, Zhang Chao proposed to cast this kind of 10 coins, and then recycled all the five zhu, Kaiyuan Tongbao, and Zhenguan copper coins within a specified period of time and converted to cast ingots.

In this way, the existing copper has not increased, but the amount of money minted by copper coins can be greatly increased.

On the other hand, although the copper coins are equivalent to appreciation, they still contain copper, and compared to paper money, they can also comfort the hearts of the people who do not trust paper money.

Of course, in order to avoid the people saying that the court robbed money.

Zhang Chao also proposed that the old money in the hands of the people can be exchanged for new money in a ratio of one to five. In fact, the money in the hands of the people has not depreciated and will not be robbed by the court.

Tongbao becomes an ingot, and gold and silver coins are also planned to be newly cast gold and silver ingots. One gold ingot is worth ten silver ingots, and one silver ingot is ten silo copper coins.

The silver output of the Tang Dynasty was very small, even worse than that of the gold output. Therefore, for a long time, the exchange ratio between gold and silver was between one and four and five. However, in recent years, a large amount of silver flowed into the Tang Dynasty in foreign trade. The silver stock increased greatly, and the exchange ratio of gold and silver increased a lot.

Gold and silver are becoming more valuable, while gold is more valuable than silver.

By adjusting the weight and components of gold and silver coins when minting coins, the exchange ratio of gold and silver ingots that are about to be issued and circulated can reach one to ten, and silver and copper can also reach one or two to ten jin of silver.

In the past, one gold was exchanged for five silver, and one silver could only be exchanged for less than two pillars of copper.

Now that gold and silver are getting stronger and stronger, copper coins are depreciating relatively because they are used as ten.

In the end, the new ingot coins were worth ten silver ingots, and the silver ingots were worth ten jin of copper coins. After careful calculation, the ingot coins were actually worth two jin of copper coins in the past, and the price did not change much, but the price of gold actually rose a lot.

A gold ingot and a silver ingot are both heavy and weigh one or two, each containing 0.88 points of gold and silver.

The old man's eyes were very sharp and he saw all kinds of money in Zhang Chao's wallet.

When I saw the gold and silver coins inside, my eyes shone.

"Customer, can you give Kaiyuan Tongbao?"

"Is the ingot bad? I still have treasure money."

"It's better to Kaiyuan Tongbao."

The old man didn't say he refused to accept other money, but he still wanted Kaiyuan Tongbao.

"The Kaiyuan Tongbao will not be able to be circulated soon. Then, it will be exchanged for copper ingots. One to five. Tongbao is worth five now. My article Tongbao is worth five in ingots, and six in ingots are worth thirty cents."

Yuanbao has been issued, and Tongbao will be banned from circulation. Now banks have started recycling. One Tongbao exchanges five-civilian Yuanbao. At this time, use Tongbao as ordinary money, and you will lose money.

The imperial court had a very severe blow to minting private money. Even Zhang Chao's money house had a special private game team in the past, spared no effort to minify these people who minted fake money and printed fake money. Although, in fact, most people could not imitate the coin minting technology at all. If imitating such exquisite coins, it would only lose money. However, crude imitation is very easy to see through.

However, there are still people who receive fake money. Once the imperial court catches those who cast fake money for sale, the punishment will be very severe and they will be directly exiled to the border.

The old man’s collection of Kaiyuan Tongbao is very different from the Yuanbao, and this period is also a special period.

"I just feel that Tongbao is good and I like it."

Zhang Chao just smiled and took two Kaiyuan Tongbao and handed it to the old man.

"One treasure is worth five cents, one ingot is for ten, two strings of candied haws cost six cents. I'll give you two treasures, and you have to find me for four cents."

The old man originally thought that Zhang Chao was a foreigner or something, but he had not figured out the twists and turns inside, but he didn't know that Zhang Chao was so clear.

After receiving two cents of Kaiyuan Tongbao, he still had to get back four cents. This is really a confused business.

Fortunately, the old man had a solution. He took out the purse from his arms, took out four small bills of one-month from it and handed them to Zhang Chao.

"Hahaha," Zhang Chao and Ke Qing turned around and left in the old man's resentful eyes with a string of candied haws.

In the future, there will be no Kaiyuan Tongbao and Zhenguan bronze ingots on the market. The Kaiyuan Yuanbao will be circulated in the future. After the current ten-ciete bronze ingots, the ones that will be used as twenty denominations, five or two will be used as two.

Twenty-month ingots weigh four cents, ten-month ingots weigh two cents, five-month ingots weigh one line, two-month ingots weigh four cents.

There is no longer a penny of copper coins, but all pennys are replaced by paper money.

The issuance of new copper ingots actually has no impact on the people, especially the court, considering the interests of those people with copper coins in their hands, proposed Kaiyuan Tongbao in an extraordinary way. Zhenguan Tongbao was exchanged for five documents in one article. After exchanging Kaiyuan Tongbao, no one's money in his hands would be trapped by the court.

However, there will be no more things in the future that copper coins themselves are more valuable than their denominations. It is impossible to make copper coins with smelted copper coins and make copperware with six or seven times more profitable.

Currency will slowly develop towards credit currency.
Chapter completed!