Chapter 364: Autumn Change
The wind in late autumn became colder. After the German team occupied Paris, it slowed down the offensive rhythm slightly, but the French government did not actively pray to the Germans as commonly suspected by the outside world. Due to the defeat of the war, the wartime cabinet led by Socialist Rene Viviani announced its collapse. President Plainga appointed 52-year-old founder of the Socialist Party Aristide Berian as the new prime minister (chairman of the Council of Ministers), and he quickly formed the cabinet.
Unlike the relatively mild Viviani, Berian, who served as cabinet prime minister twice in 1909 and 1913, had the reputation of being a "dictator". He used the army to severely suppress the French railway workers' strike in 1910 and was notorious for this. However, in international politics, he created a good image for himself with his elegant demeanor and outstanding speech ability.
In the new wartime cabinet, many Socialists who had served in the Viviani Cabinet were retained, and the most eye-catching change was naturally the Minister of the Army and Navy. Joseph Gallien, who was a legitimate soldier, replaced Alexander Milleran, the left leader of the Socialist Party, as the Minister of the Army. Alfred Gerve, who was also an orthodox soldier and was the commander of the French Navy's standing fleet, replaced Jean-Vic, a politician who did nothing.
Door Oganieu became the Minister of the Navy. The two generals with both ability and courage brought expert guidance to the military decision-making of the French wartime cabinet. Galieni's excellent management ability quickly moved the French army from hopeless retreat to active defense. He transferred the elderly and slow Xia Fei back to the rear with a bright rise and actual decline, allowing Foch, who had outstanding performance in the border battle and the flagship of the Paris Battle, to serve as the front commander-in-chief of the French army.
On November 5, the same day when the German team landed in Ireland, the French army repelled the fierce offensive of the German 3rd Army in Rouen northwest of Paris, allowing Le Havre, a large port closest to the front line, to continue to play an important role. A large number of British wounded soldiers returned to Britain through here. After the British recruits were completed, they were sent to France for training and guidance from veterans.
Gallieni was favored by senior political leaders with his outstanding performance on the battlefield. Although French Admiral Alfred Gerve did not have such an opportunity, his efforts over the years were obvious to all. In the mid-to-late 19th century, the new school dominated the construction of the French navy. This school overemphasized ship speed and torpedo tactics, and focused on the fields of torpedo boats and submarines, which led to the development of French naval battleships far lagging behind the times. It was not until the end of the 19th century and the early 20th century that the French navy began to realize that it had committed a direction.
Gervey was one of the critics of the new school. Unfortunately, until the outbreak of World War I, the new school still had a great influence in the French Navy, and the design and construction of large ships were always slow and difficult. Just like the misleading of the French Army by "offensive supremacy", it was not until the battlefield that the bloody reality taught the French Army to defend in a timely manner. The process of Jutland and the two Battles of Flanders brought great shock to the French Navy, and at the same time, they also allowed them to see clearly the real protagonist of the naval battle in this era, the dreadnought!
The French Army's mistakes are mainly at the tactical level. Once they are adjusted to the right direction, their performance on the battlefield is not much worse than that of the Germans, but the French Navy's mistakes are strategic problems that cannot be compensated in the short term. With the launch of the "Jean-Bar" and "Paris", the French Navy has only four dreadnoughts in total. Nine old battleships with newer ages have been classified as "quasi-dreadnoughts", but their actual combat effectiveness is one level worse than that of the real dreadnoughts. As for paper data, the French Navy's current blockade and suppression of the Austro-Hungarian fleet, and guarding against the Ottoman Turkish Navy, is still possible, and it is necessary to expand its strategic influence beyond the Mediterranean.
In the eyes of ordinary people, Gervey did not intend to stick to the rules. At the wartime cabinet meeting, he pointed out incisively that under the conditions of a general military mobilization, France, with a population of 40 million, could not defeat Germany, which has a population of 67 million alone. If it wants to fight against the German army for a long time under the current dilemma, it is necessary to enable both Britain and Russia to show the greatest potential for war. The latter's military vitality depends to a large extent on the financial support of Britain and France, while the survival and decline of the former lies in maritime routes. If Britain is blocked by Germany for a long time and the British are still weak in self-protection, how can they provide a steady stream of troops and materials for the French battlefield?
Based on this important war logic, Gerway proposed to hand over the defense of the Mediterranean to the French Navy's large number of torpedo boats and submarine troops, and secretly transferred the main fleet to Brest to support each other with the British main fleet deployed in southern England, and jointly deal with the arrogant German navy. After fierce debate, Gerway's proposal was finally approved. On November 4, the French main fleet with the flagship "Guba" left Toulon and headed for Brest. After the fleet set off, Gerway sent a letter to British Navy Minister Churchill, briefly explaining the strategic layout of the French Navy after adjustment.
At this point, the British had to give up their inherent prejudice and lowered their posture to discuss with the French Navy the organization of the British-French joint fleet against the German navy. Not to mention whether they could defeat the German fleet, the British attitude had already encouraged Gervey's reputation in the French wartime cabinet.
On November 10, seeing that the French government had no intention of making peace, the German team launched a full-scale offensive again. Not only did they assemble more than 200,000 troops and thousands of artillery to attack Rouen, but they also divided their troops to advance to the strategic areas in central and southern France. The situation of the Allies on the Western Front was once again in a storm.
On the eastern front, the Austro-Hungarian team launched a third offensive against Serbia, and the Russian military operation in Galicia was curbed by the 9th German army rushing to assist the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The two sides formed a temporary confrontation on the front from Russian Poland to northern Austro-Hungarian Empire. The only progress made by the Russian team was to invade Ottoman Turkey in the direction of the Caucasus, but this was far from shaken the foundation of the Ottoman Empire.
Due to the influence of bad weather in the middle, the French main fleet did not arrive at the Port of Brest until November 13, which was three days later than the original plan. Moreover, the French did not know that the British main fleet had already left the Port of Portland in southern England. The last elite force of the Royal Navy entered the North Sea with a desperate determination, waiting to defeat the main force of the German High Seas Fleet in one fell swoop. During this period, the German team association, which landed in southwestern Ireland
He conquered many towns in County Kerry with the Irish independent armed forces, and fought a fierce battle with a unit of the British 2nd Task Force in the county's capital Traley. The number of troops participating in the war was less than 3,000, but in the battle lasting more than 400,000 bullets and more than 500 shells, almost turning Traley into ruins. It was not until a battalion of German naval infantry joined the battle that the British soldiers with their injured companions retreated from the battlefield.
On November 15, the main fleets of the British and German navy were still competing for patience outside each other's sight. The main fleet of the French was not actively playing their role as a surprise weapon, but was quietly anchored in the port of Brest because they had as many as 5 battleships, 3 cruisers and 11 destroyers that needed to be put into the ship for maintenance. These ships, which were positioned as "Mediterranean warships" on the design platform, had a common problem of poor seaworthiness, and the voyage from the Strait of Gibraltar to the Bay of Biscay, suffered a lot. In addition, the light ships of the French Navy's light ships were fast and the firepower was weak, and the results were moderate. The negative impact of the "New School" was everywhere.
On this day, the "Senes Fleet" that first tried to fight in joint operations between Britain and France drove into Cork Port in southern Ireland. For nearly half a month, the British and French fleet commanded by French Rear Admiral Senes has been chasing two armored cruisers of the German Pacific Squadron. They traveled thousands of miles to the Azores but died in vain. Then they followed the distress signal from the attacked merchant ship, but they didn't even see the shadow of the two German warships. The long and arduous voyage tests the spiritual will of the crew and the ships are on the ships.
The mechanical parts of the 14 British and French destroyers involved in the pursuit have returned to Hong Kong for maintenance due to mechanical failures or other problems. Only these four armored cruisers persisted. However, when they chased into the southern waters of Ireland, the accumulated problems of the French armored cruiser "Harvak" had seriously affected its normal navigation. The British armored cruiser "Samurai" also urgently needed a boiler cleaning. In addition, the new instructions from the French Admiralty Department prompted Senes to make a decision to enter Cork Port to rest.
The next morning, the ghostly sister ships of Sharnhorst appeared again. They attacked a British escort formation in the waters south of Skar. As the German Navy's reconnaissance squadron recently operated in the northern waters of Ireland, the British Navy used two protective cruisers and three destroyers to cover two troop transport ships. Four supply ships went to Bantry to assist the British dispatch of the 2nd Task Force stationed in Ireland to attack the Irish independent armed forces and German landing forces in western County Kerry. As a result, in just half an hour, the "Scharnhorst" and "Gneisenau" sank with firepower with absolute advantage, severely damaging one British protective cruiser. The loss of the supply ship was only secondary. The two troop transport ships carried more than 900 British Army soldiers. When the road ahead was cut off, they had to flee east desperately under the cover of their own destroyers.
Chapter completed!