Undoubtedly, the surgical incision is more accurate, and non-surgical conventional incision is used. It can be adjusted according to the specific lesions of the patient and accurately positioned from person to person.

The entire operation process sounds wonderful, showing the magic of modern medicine.

The family members were happy to listen. Only the doctors themselves knew that to achieve real precise surgery, existing medical technology would not be perfect. Some technical difficulties could not be overcome, and obstacles always exist.

If three-dimensional navigation is truly 100% accurate, even a nervous boss like Cao Yong and others would envy the junior sister's three-dimensional computing brain.

Specifically, the biggest problem with three-dimensional stereo navigation is that it is not a real-time image, which is far inferior to the almost real-time contrast image of interventional surgery introduced earlier.

If you want to make real-time images, the operating room needs to have too strong hardware. For example, the high-end composite operating room to be built in the new National Association for Surgery, the operating room must be equipped with CT, and the patient can be given real-time CT images at any time. In addition, CT is much more expensive than CT images. It is impossible to frequently perform CT reviews in surgery like CT images. Checking so many CT images at a time requires synthesis and reading, which also takes time to operate.

Without hardware support, all the hospital can do is put in more effort before the operation.

The doctor initially formulates a surgical approach based on his or her medical experience, paste positioning marks on the surface of the patient's scalp and then asks the patient to perform a secondary head CT scan.

The secondary ct scan image taken out is then input into the three-dimensional navigation system. At this time, scalp marking points will appear in the three-dimensional figure. The doctor uses the markings to make the head of the patient in reality overlap with the three-dimensional image head, forming a more accurate comparison operation reference picture in the doctor's impression.

In order to pursue accuracy, doctors will put head racks on the patient during adult surgery. There are various measuring scales on the head rack to measure the patient's head shape parameters. This operation method belongs to framed three-dimensional calibration. Compared with the frameless three-dimensional calibration mentioned above, it is a relatively primitive scalp incision positioning method in neurosurgery.

As for the current patients, children are not allowed to use head mounts. The head mount is too heavy, and the skulls of children are weaker than adults. If the head mount is afraid of something happening, the doctor will avoid it if it can.

Even if these previous preparations are done well, I’m sorry, the positioning during the operation may continue to be problematic. This is an error that often occurs in the use of three-dimensional navigation systems in minimally invasive neurosurgery. The academic name is image drift. Statistical data show that the occurrence rate of this error can reach more than 60%.

The reason is that there is cerebrospinal fluid flowing in the brain. As long as the patient's head moves, the cerebrospinal fluid will flow and change the brain tissue. During the operation, the patient's head is fixed and the patient's head does not move. However, the doctor needs to find something in the tofu-like brain and open the lower brain tissue. In this way, the position and shape of the brain tissue will change again. Whoever makes the brain tissue soft is easy to passive?

Therefore, real-time accuracy of neurosurgery is required, unless there is a real-time imaging image entry software to adjust the three-dimensional image. The above mentioned many reasons why real-time imaging input cannot be implemented, so real-time adjustment of three-dimensional images during surgery is impossible.
Chapter completed!