In the era of mechanization, workers are very well trained. As long as you operate the machines strictly according to the requirements, you can skillfully produce products in a few months. Some of the low-tech content can learn to use machines to make them in a few days.
However, in the era of handicrafts, it is difficult to learn the craftsmanship of craftsmen in a short time. Therefore, in this era, the seven-year apprenticeship system was popular in European handicrafts. However, in the first three years of apprenticeship, it was difficult to get started. Moreover, it was necessary to provide various labor services to the master for free. After three years, there was a chance to start. Then, in the last two years, he would complete his work independently.
Such a long time is not unfavorable, because this can indeed cultivate craftsmen with qualified technology. Long-term training is conducive to the full improvement of technology.
Even in modern times, manufacturing powerhouses such as Germany have regained the apprenticeship system. However, with changes, it is no longer a one-on-one master, but a system of joint training between schools and enterprises. Specifically, the school teaches basic theoretical knowledge (the master with apprentices has no time to teach in this regard, and may not be able to teach well), and the factory will arrange old craftsmen to guide the apprenticeship practice...
In fact, this is somewhat similar to the intern system, but it is more perfect and reasonable than the intern system. Learning technology is not achieved overnight and requires long-term practice. Therefore, the internship system of the British and American departments in later generations, especially the internship system that was passed down to China, was more like a formality. A three-month internship period, and then I can't wait to get on the job... Some even did not have a three-month internship period...
It is conceivable that the technical foundation of the technical workers trained in this way is difficult to improve. Because there is no modern apprenticeship system, most of the technical workers in the Chinese factory later were more like migrant workers and were dispensable. Then, the products produced are really careless. Those with strong skills often have to think about the technology of their profession after becoming a regular employee. Without a master, even if they work hard, they will have to be considered as a 30-year-old until their skills are considered to be well-known. Then, they become masters in their forties and become popular.
But this is a bit eager for quick success and instant benefits. The skills are slowly polished, not quick. In other words, there are more CNC machine tools in later generations, which reduces the technical requirements a lot. However, assembly and maintenance still require manual operation, which tests personal skills.
The same parts are given to you. A qualified technician trained by a modern apprenticeship system and a car assembled is stronger than the technician trained by your vocational school. What is stronger is nothing more, it depends on the details.
But what we later seem to have introduced was the training system of the British and American departments, that is, the training system of the technical school. But the school can teach students the theoretical foundation at most. Speaking of practice, the teachers in vocational schools are much worse than those masters who have worked for decades, although the two are the opposite in theory.
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At present, Beihai Country Marin plans to implement the modern apprenticeship system in later generations of Germany and Nordics. The specific method is to first let the children learn theoretical knowledge in school. Then, after entering the factory, find skilled craftsmen to lead the apprenticeship.
Of course, it is not a waste of time for old craftsmen to lead apprentices. In many factories in China in the later years, old workers are not very motivated to lead apprentices. Why? It is not good! It also affects their production efficiency. You must know that it was made of pieces later. I stopped to teach you a little kid, and only smoked a few cigarettes. Receive you a few packs of gifts during the Chinese New Year, which will affect your own money!
For this reason, Marin stipulates that within three years after the factory apprenticeship, 30% of the salary will be used to respect the master. In this way, the master will have the motivation to lead the apprentice. One apprenticeship will have 30% of the salary for three years, and five apprentices will have 150% of the salary for three years...
The wool comes from the sheep (apprentice). Anyway, the factory owner will not lose. The apprentice himself will not lose. After learning real skills, he will be the best job in the future...
But this trick was not very suitable for later China. Why? Because young people in later generations changed jobs too frequently. They finally taught you how to benefit you, but the brat quit his job... The master will be depressed and vomit blood...
This is pretty good. Some young people quit their jobs just a few days after entering the factory, and then change jobs in various ways, and they simply cannot calm down to learn a skill. After working for many years, they are still migrant workers, not technicians.
However, in this era, there is no such concern. Because people in this era are not so easy to change jobs. Even if they change jobs casually, they will be considered to have a problem with their character.
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The current 7-year apprenticeship system popular in Europe is actually the core. However, basic theoretical education is also done by the master. But many masters can do it and may not make sense. Therefore, this training model is not scientific enough and the time it takes will be longer. For example, in the old seven-year apprenticeship system, the apprentice can only watch and listen while the master is working in the first three years. The master has free time and is in a good mood, and will explain and give some explanations. If he is busy or in a bad mood, he is too lazy to explain and give advice. If he doesn't understand, he may beat and scold the apprentice. For example, a carpenter, if he is a bad-tempered master, he doesn't understand it, or he sees you distracted, and he may swing something over when he is angry. If he is swinging an axe and chisel... Well, think he is unlucky... what? Parents have any objections? Then, get out! Take your baby home, I won't teach you anymore!
The most depressing thing is that sometimes it may not be the apprentice’s fault, but the master will not teach it. But the master is anxious and the apprentice is stupid, otherwise you should stop learning... You dare not refute...
Therefore, it is better to have a modern apprenticeship system. Let the child learn basic theoretical knowledge in school first, and then receive the master's practical education after learning it well. With sufficient theoretical knowledge support, it is easier to keep up with the master's rhythm. As for the theory that he has not learned well, he will not be able to graduate...
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In fact, before, Malin used the craftsman school to promote and popularize basic education. But now, Malin feels that the craftsman school seems to be really useful!
So, after elementary school, in addition to recruiting some good grades to continue to attend junior high school, Marin also opened a basic craftsman class, teaching basic theoretical knowledge of craftsmen, and specially arranged some old men who retired and couldn't do it, but had rich theoretical knowledge and could teach apprentices to take charge and teach children basic theories. For this reason, Marin was willing to pay a considerable salary...
The students who were eliminated after junior high school can still learn basic knowledge of craftsmen. However, the level of junior high school students is higher, and the skills they learn will be more advanced. For example, students who are eliminated after elementary school can only learn some theoretical knowledge of carpenters, masons, bakers and other low-demand techniques, and then become such craftsmen. However, children who graduate from junior high school will be arranged to learn basic theoretical knowledge of skills such as watches, machinery production and maintenance, and then become apprentices...
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However, this time, Marin used brass products used to trade with the Aztec Empire, and did not have time to slowly cultivate copper smiths. After all, according to tradition, it would take 7 years to cultivate a traditional copper smith. Moreover, Marin also urgently needed money and needed to produce brass products as soon as possible.
Therefore, this time, Marin planned to directly hire a group of copper smiths in Germany and Italy, such as Hi-Tech, to help them create brass utensils and ornaments for trade with the Aztec Empire.
In fact, Marin could provide brass directly and outsource the creation of utensils and ornaments to coppersmiths in Germany and Italy. However, brass is currently exclusively owned by the Beihai country and does not have it in other countries, and Marin is not willing to leak it.
Moreover, the Beihai Kingdom now uses brass to mint copper coins as the basic currency of the Beihai Kingdom. Marin was also afraid that these craftsmen would deduct scraps and use them to privately cast brass coins from the Beihai Kingdom. Therefore, they simply recruited them to the factory of the Beihai Kingdom to supply brass in person, so that they could make them into the utensils and ornaments they needed.
In addition, Marin also hoped that these old craftsmen could bring some apprentices from Beihai Kingdom. When the contract expired, even if these old copper smiths returned to their hometowns, the apprentices from Beihai Kingdom they trained would almost be able to take the lead. For this reason, Marin sent someone to sign a contract with them, and the one who signed the apprentice with the request...
However, for Beihai Guo copper smith apprentices, Marin planned to use the modern apprenticeship system to gather the apprentices first, learn the basic theoretical knowledge required by copper smiths in school, and then be assigned to the old copper smiths to receive practical training. Of course, when learning basic knowledge, they are sent to the factory from time to time to consolidate the learning results of the stage and strengthen memory.
This is about the processing of brass products. For glass craftsmen, Marin chose to outsource. After all, glass is not something unique to the North Sea country, and most Western European countries have production. Of course, the strongest skill is definitely Venice. Most of the Venetian glass craftsmen are concentrated on Murano Island.
Although Beihai Kingdom also built several glass products factories, most of them were used to produce basic glass bottles to hold things. Only a few big craftsmen were arranged by Marin to produce lead glass with good light translucency and used to make telescopes.
In Venice, it is better to produce colorful glass crafts. The colorful glass crafts are more popular among the indigenous peoples of America and Africa.
Moreover, it is too long to cultivate your own glass craftsmen. And if you hire, the cost is higher than hiring a copper smith. Therefore, Marin simply outsourced all the glass products to workshops in Venice and other places. He just needs to give samples and specifications and let them follow suit.
But his own craftsmen still need to be trained, so Marin is now walking on two legs, hiring craftsmen or outsourcing orders while using the modern apprenticeship system to cultivate his own craftsmen.
Even in the later era of CNC machine tools, craftsmen with superb skills did not have to worry about food, let alone this era. Even if they entered the industrial era, they still needed craftsmen with superb skills. Just like the eighth-level technicians in the 20th century, they were still very important. Therefore, the modern apprenticeship system has greatly promoted industrial development. In later generations, Germany relied on the modern apprenticeship system (also known as dual-track vocational training), making it difficult for German manufacturing to surpass the quality. In later generations, Germany even wrote dual-track vocational training into federal laws, forcing all enterprises to accept apprentices. In 2004, Germany unified the requirement that except for a few particularly small companies in the country, other companies must accept apprentices. Apprentices have half of the week to receive cultural basic learning in schools, and the other half of the time to practice skills in the company, so that the school and the company can truly integrate production and education.
After three or four years, the apprentices trained in this way basically have a skill level of "more than 2 years" work experience required by China in later generations. Once they graduate, they can go to work seamlessly without adaptation period. As for China's vocational schools, they are not suitable for factory connections, and the students' academic burden is not as heavy as colleges. Then, they go all kinds of things. When many people don't have classes, they either go out to play and surf the Internet, or have a Shamatt hairstyle and go out to hang out. When they graduate and enter the company, the company will find that they have recruited some gangsters... They have almost no skills, but they are very happy.
It is better than the sky, and I always want to make a name for myself. I can't work for a job for three months... Of course, this is just some people. However, it also shows that our vocational education is not good. If we need to spend a lot of time practicing while studying every week, we need to learn technology, so how can we have time to get through. Not only vocational and technical schools, but universities are actually similar. Students either make ends meet or waste in school. When they graduate, they have no skills and can only hit walls. People trained by the modern apprenticeship system are comparable to those with more than two years of work experience, which is obviously not of the same level.
Not to mention others, Marin himself was in college in his previous life, and he was just trying to pass the exam. He never thought about mastering any technology, and the university and the company were also out of touch. When he graduated from work, he suddenly realized that he knew nothing. The teachers combined industry, academia and research, and designed design for factories outside and paid for design fees. However, that had nothing to do with students. Some teachers were not very concerned about class. Apart from class, students were just online, clubs, and busy with love. After four years, most of them entered the unit and were just innocent newbie, confused at work, and had to learn everything...
Many people think that what they learned in college is useless, but in fact they have never been combined with practice. If they are combined with practice from the beginning, while learning technical knowledge, and working on the company and training themselves, then after four years, they will be a strong man. Moreover, they are busy learning technical knowledge and practice, and they will not have time to play and roam.
However, many people in later generations only looked at A Mei, the world's most powerful A Mei, and found that A Mei was the same. Or, this kind of thing they learned was A Mei. So, they felt that it was OK. However, they did not see the unfamous Jiemen Kingdom, which has the highest quality technical workers in the world, and has the craftsman spirit we pursue...
Chapter completed!