The development of a country and even a city cannot be separated from a large amount of labor. The most basic demand for the development of a city is construction workers. Only when construction workers build factories can factories start construction. Only when roads and other public facilities are repaired can products be circulated.
However, construction workers are also very hard-working. The wind and sun are all day long, and there are certain construction risks. Even in the 21st century, construction workers are still exposed to the wind and sun, and there are certain safety risks. Therefore, in later generations, the dirtiest and tiring work in big cities in China (that is, the dirtiest and tiring work), loaders and unloaders... etc. are often done by migrant workers. And those migrant workers who are willing to do the dirtiest and tiring work are generally from rural areas, so they are also called migrant workers.
Not only China, but also in Europe in the 21st century, there are also a large number of migrant workers. Why do several developed European countries accept refugees from the Middle East? Do you really think they are kind-hearted? In fact, it is because developed countries such as Britain, France and Germany have a large number of dirtiest and tiring jobs in China. The residents of the country are unwilling to do it, so they can only rely on refugees and immigrants. After all, the welfare of their own citizens is good, and they don’t have money to get them without work, so there is no need to do those dirty and tiring jobs. Only foreign refugees, because they don’t have a local household registration and cannot find serious jobs, can only go to the construction site to do the dirtiest and tiring work. Moreover, they dare not strike like local workers. Because if you dare to blow up the thorns, you will be repatriated at any time...
As for China, there are no refugees. Because in the vast rural areas, some migrant workers are even more than European refugees. Therefore, China's infrastructure has always been very strong because China has the largest group of migrant workers in the world. Before Marin traveled through time, it seemed that the number of migrant workers in China had reached nearly 300 million, which was almost as large as the population of the United States, and it was more than the total population of Britain, France, Germany and Italy. No wonder the infrastructure capabilities were so perverted.
You should know that the four countries of Britain, France, Germany and Italy are the four major European powers. As a result, the total population of these four countries is not as large as that of Chinese migrant workers. Then, it is not surprising that infrastructure and manufacturing can not compete with China. In the 20th century, with the leading technology level, these four countries can still compare. When China's technology gradually catches up, the four countries will be unable to compare.
In fact, Matthew made it very clear in his works that the reason why England was able to carry out the industrial revolution was, in addition to the development of steam engine technology, the "land enclosure movement" produced a large number of landless farmers, which was also a very important prerequisite. Without enough labor, even if there is a machine, it would be useless.
For Beihai Kingdom, it is still in the primitive accumulation period of "landing and farming" and belongs to an agricultural country. However, if you want to go further and evolve into an industrial country, you must have a large amount of surplus labor, that is, there must be enough migrant workers. Otherwise, if no one is working as a worker, how can you develop industry?
The society has developed to a certain extent, and the division of labor is getting more and more detailed. Although it is said that work is not divided into high or low, some dirty and tiring work are not decent enough to say. In later generations, even though moving bricks is more than some office workers, the "grades" of the two are different. When parents scare their children, they will only say, "If you don't study hard, you will move bricks on the construction site", but they will not say, if you don't study hard, you will become a white-collar worker...
In short, although migrant workers earn a lot of work, they are all hard work that is not respected. The so-called "work is not distinguished from high or low" is just a lie to fool people. Otherwise, why would the official ape bets in the exam? You must know that migrant workers earn more Kobe than ordinary official apes.
Of course, although migrant workers have a low social status and do the dirtiest, tiring and hardest work, it is also very important.
In later generations, migrant workers were mainly engaged in construction, transportation, farming, service, and industrial fields. These industries were all very important industries.
Needless to say, building houses and roads are needed, and the importance of transportation is also extremely important. Without manpower to transport materials, commerce cannot be circulated in time. Or, the transportation cost is too high, which will affect the development of commerce. And there is no need to say that farmers and traders have no migrant workers building vegetable greenhouses in the suburbs of cities and bringing them to vegetable markets to sell, and the food source of urban residents will become a big problem.
There is no need to say that the service industry requires a large amount of labor to deliver express delivery and takeaway, which can greatly facilitate people's lives. In the industrial field, migrant workers may not have good skills, but they are the cheapest labor. Moreover, they are more obedient and honest than urban workers and will not "rebel" casually.
These are all about modern migrant workers, and in this era, migrant workers are also very important and have a lot of demand. For example, the Goslar Silver Mine in Marin requires tens of thousands of workers to mine full-time. Similarly, coal in Ruhr also requires a large number of coal workers to dig. After all, there were no mining machinery in this era, and they could only rely on manual excavation and transportation.
Because of the demand for coal in industries such as honeycomb coal and steel, Malin estimates that at least 50,000 or 60,000 coal workers are needed in the Ruhr area. At present, there are more than 30,000 coal workers in the Ruhr area, and there is still a large labor gap.
If it were before, it would be recruited directly from the surplus manor. However, in the Beihai Kingdom, every labor force has been used to farm, and there is no surplus labor force at all. Therefore, if you want more coal miners, you can only recruit outside the Beihai Kingdom.
But the problem is that other German countries have begun to guard against the Beihai Kingdom and prevent their young and strong people from joining the Beihai Kingdom. Therefore, Marin has deeply felt that labor shortages in recent years. Not to mention digging silver mines and coal mines, even farming is insufficient.
In addition to the mining requires a large number of labor, other industries also require a lot of migrant workers. For example, in the navigation industry, in Bremen alone, there are thousands of migrant sailors recruited from all over Germany and have made great contributions to the navigation trade in Bremen. Of course, Bremen is now Marin's territory.
In addition to miners and ship workers, the transportation industry in this era also requires a large number of migrant workers. After all, there are no modern means of transportation these days, and transportation is extremely difficult. If it is long-distance transportation, it would be fine to use merchant ships or horse-drawn carts. However, for medium and short-distance transportation, it seems to be more efficient and cost-effective to use small carts. However, every time a small cart is used, a strong labor force is required... In addition, pressing coal into honeycomb coal and transporting it to various places requires many migrant workers...
It can be said that due to the lack of migrant workers, many industries in Beihai Kingdom were difficult to develop. Before, Malin specially sent people to recruit a large number of laborers to Beihai Kingdom to mine and act as sailors. However, it is quite difficult to deal with. Because Malin had never thought about recruiting migrant workers before, but directly let his family move to Beihai Kingdom. However, this immigration behavior was boycotted by the various vassal states, so he could only find another way. Then, recruiting migrant workers became the best choice.
Migrant workers are not immigrants and cannot be used as a measure of national strength. You should know that in this era, population size is also an important indicator to measure national strength. If Marin wants to immigrate to 10,000 strong men, including the families of these strong men, there are tens of thousands, which is very eye-catching. The arrival of these tens of thousands of people will also mean a significant increase in the strength of the Beihai Kingdom.
But if it is replaced by migrant workers, it will be much more inconspicuous...
Because migrant workers go to work alone, without family members, and naturally their goals are much smaller. Moreover, migrant workers are not immigrants and will not change their household registration. According to official data, they are still citizens of the original country and taxpayers of the original country. Unlike direct immigration, they are not only big goals, but also the same as openly poaching others and stealing taxpayers, which is naturally disgusting. But if they are recruiting migrant workers, the possibility of being boycotted will be greatly reduced. After all, you are just providing job opportunities, not poaching others.
Malin has calculated the calculations. If the miners, construction workers, transport workers, boatmen and sailors in Beihai Kingdom are replaced by migrant workers, they can replace more than 100,000 young and strong laborers from these positions. Whether these young and strong laborers go to farm or join the army, they will bring huge benefits to Beihai Kingdom and Marin. Moreover, they can also produce a large amount of GDP...
Chapter completed!