Luo Xianjun, who had been involved in the research before, had not left in the optical laboratory and had been involved in the research, replied: "Mr. Jiang, it's still a bit difficult for the time being."

"For the time being...that is, there is a chance to do it in the future?"

"...I have discussed this issue with Professor Li, but we are not sure." Luo Xianjun slowly narrated: "First of all, the time when the ground state electrons of hydrogen atoms move around the nucleus for one week, I specifically calculated it a while ago, which was about 150 seconds..."

To measure the time of the electrons of hydrogen atoms, you must know the trajectory and velocity of the electrons.

However, the electrons moving around the nucleus are another wave function. In quantum mechanics, scientists have no way to accurately measure the speed of a wave function, nor can they know the trajectory of a quantum.

Otherwise, it will not conform to the basic laws of quantum mechanics.

Therefore, the velocity of hydrogen atom electrons around the nucleus can only be calculated and cannot be measured in practice.

The currently recognized speed is Bohr's first speed.

That is about 1/137 of the speed of light.

Luo Xianjun continued: "This movement time is too short. Even if the pulse width of our laser pulse can reach 0.85 seconds, it is unlikely to capture the image of electrons without considering other conditions.

According to quantum mechanics, the position and velocity of electrons are uncertain, and its situation is basically a wave function. We cannot predict whether the motion mechanism of electrons is continuous, flashing, or other methods, and can only obtain an estimation in an uncertain range.

Moreover, most importantly, the current scanning and measurement methods cannot measure electrons in the atomic nucleus at all, which is the biggest problem."

Putting aside the uncertain principle of quantum mechanics, the biggest problem in order to capture an image of an electron moving around a nucleus is that the camera technology is insufficient.

In real life, the reason why people can see images and capture images with cameras is because they receive electromagnetic waves, such as light.

However, if there is no light or electromagnetic wave in a place, you cannot see any images in this place.

And this is the case in the hydrogen atom.

Inside a hydrogen atom that is not excited, there is no light, no electromagnetic waves, and only an electron in a quantum state is making irregular movements around the nucleus and cannot predict the trajectory.

Although scientists know the existence of electrons, they cannot directly observe them.

Throughout the history of science, people have always been able to observe the images of electrons through certain means, but cannot directly capture their images.

Because the electrons in the nuclear do not emit light.

Li Kaishan took over and said: "Capturing the moving images of electrons in the nuclear is a global problem. At present, the entire scientific community has no choice, and there is even no clue.

Professor Luo and I tried many ways, but we were unable to find the correct solution. We are still far away from truly capturing the moving images of electrons in the nuclear. We feel that only the technology that subverts the existing physical building can be achieved.

However, electrons in the ground state in the nucleus are difficult to observe, but because our laser pulses enter the ninth second stage.

So Professor Luo and I developed a tiny-second spectrum technology based on the data orientation of [ultra-short and super-strength laser technology], which has initially realized the observation of the changes in the energy state of electrons."

It is absolutely impossible to directly observe the motion of electrons in an energy state, at least the physical rules mastered by humans now do not allow it.

"Empty-second spectrum technology?" Jiang Bo Nian said.

Li Kaishan said: "Yes, the basic principle of our idea is that we cannot directly observe electrons in an energy state. Then, we can always indirectly study the change of energy state after this electron is excited by external energy and undergoes a transition, right?

There will always be changes in one after another. As long as you grasp the data of this change, you can know the changes of electrons during this period of time, and at the same time you can also know the basic position of electrons before and after the transition.

What's going on? Mr. Jiang, come here. We will demonstrate the animation for you. First Army, are the things done?"

"It's done, it's just finished last night." Luo Xianjun nodded.

"Then let you explain to President Jiang."

"good."

When he arrived at a multimedia conference room, Luo Xianjun turned on the big screen and played slides, explaining the key points of the minus-second spectrum technology to Jiang Bo.

Jiang Bo is fine at the moment and is also curious.

In addition, based on the urinary nature of the system, he felt that if the "electronic mystery" mentioned in [ultra-short and super-strong laser technology] was solved, there should be an extremely rich reward of points.

This major breakthrough involving basic physical sciences may be more than 100,000 points, or 200,000 or even more.

So he sat on a stool and listened carefully.

Luo Xianjun pointed to the screen and explained: "The slight second spectroscopy technology combines laser pulse technology with electron microscopy technology.

In the experiment of observing the changes in the energy state of electrons, we first obtained a superconducting harsh magnetic device that can specifically capture and manipulate single atoms through the help of Professor Zheng and Professor Zhou.

We emit a red laser pulse of 800nm ​​wavelength to excite electrons in the hydrogen atom, and then use a blue laser pulse of 266nm wavelength to measure the motion of electrons.

The pulse width of these two wavelengths of laser pulses is extremely short, reaching 0.85 seconds."

Luo Xianjun pointed to the screen, turned a page, and then continued: "Under normal circumstances, after hydrogen atoms are illuminated, the electrons around the nuclear will absorb light energy and jump from low-energy state to high-energy state.

At this time, if the light pulse lasts for a short enough time and the energy delivered is strong enough, the electrons will respond briefly in the hydrogen atom, radiation occurs, and release absorbed energy.

Without the energy absorbed just now, the excited electrons will quickly fall back to their original ground state.

Using the blue laser pulse that measures the motion of electrons, there is a great chance of tracking and capturing the moment the electrons fall back to the ground state.

Of course, this value is very short, because once this blue laser pulse touches the energy level where the electron is located, it will redirect the electrons to the high-energy state again.

After hundreds of repeated excitation measurements of the electrons of hydrogen atoms within a very short time scale, data on hundreds of situations when the electrons fall back to the ground state and when the excited jumps to the high-energy state can be captured.

After summarizing the data of these hundreds of situations, we have produced two three-dimensional positions of hydrogen atoms and electrons in small time scales."

When Luo Xianjun finished speaking, two three-dimensional pictures appeared on the screen.

The center of the first picture is a proton composed of two upper quarks and one lower quark. There are hundreds of light blue dots around the protons, and none of them overlap, which is in line with the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics.

According to Luo Xianjun, this is a graph made based on data when the electron falls back to the ground state.

The second picture replaces the blue dot with a bright red dot, which is the position diagram when the electrons jump to high energy levels after being excited. No point overlaps.

With Jiang Bo's 280 points of intelligence, he thought about it.

To be honest, Luo Xianjun and others' research is not a direct observation of the changes in the energy state of electrons. It is just a position map based on the data of the energy level changes of electrons, rather than an actual observation map.

Although it is very similar to the real situation, it is like watching fireworks with a protective film, and there are still differences.

However, being able to do this is already the world's leading position.

...
Chapter completed!