.

After it will end,

Juerdian telegraphed the news to British Foreign Minister Grey. Since then, whenever China issued an order and charter on smoking ban, Juerdian promptly informed the British Foreign Ministry of Foreign Affairs through telegrams or letters. In addition, Juerdian also collected information about the smoking ban movement through British consuls and missionaries in various places.

"When it comes to how local officials handle this matter, the officials and the people deal with this matter, and all details about this matter, we hope to report it at any time. The matter is very important, and if China uses the method to implement this constitution, this envoy must be heard of it so that the truth can be reported to the Ying court. When the provinces of poppy planting are difficult to reach, the priests and those living in the mainland will be able to know it. There are several places where poppy planting is planned. The priests should hear about how the priests deal with the ban on smoking, so for such matters, you can ask the priests for any way to find out."

Since then, the UK's investigation into China's smoking ban campaign has mainly reflected in the following aspects:

(1) Posts on smoking ban. The report of Juerdian reported two posts on smoking bans, which is a summary of the national smoking ban situation in the early stage of China's smoking ban. On January 27, 1897, Juerdian wrote to Grey, believing that although China's smoking ban had been reported at any time, "it was a pity that it would not disperse but not be volatile." Therefore, the embassy counselor Li Zhi "carefully searched and recorded it into a post."

This post first affirms the determination of North China to ban smoking.

"Because of the phenomenon seen and the ban, the investigation and verification were conducted in detail. China's handling of this matter was resolute and decisive, and it was absolutely unquestionable. It was unexpected. Those who have the right administration and have the right to decide the ban will not be able to achieve this courage."

Then he made a brief discussion on the difficulties of banning smoking, the number of Chinese local medicines, and the monopoly of official paste. This post must be straightforward,

"This is to examine whether officials in various provinces can implement smoking bans. Although the regulations set by various provinces are uneven, they are generally pertinent, and there are some inappropriate or unsuccessful implementations, or they do not want to comply with them. Now I will briefly explain what the provinces and places do and the implementation of smoking bans."

This part is mainly written based on the report of the British Consul in China. Each Consul was helped by the priests.

"If you live in China for a long time and understand the people's sentiments, your reports are very credible. And there are those who live in remote places and have no footprints of Europeans. According to the reply letters of each priest, they all say that the ban on smoking is rarely implemented. However, if local officials handle it carefully, they must be considerable... In short, the statements contained in this post are all based on evidence, so they can be suitable for the recent feelings."

In 1897, 224, Zhu Erdian sent the "Second Opium Issue Post of the Counselor of the British Envoy Li Zhi" to Gray. In addition to the central government's decree and regulations on smoking ban, the first half of this post also describes the preparations for the China-UK exchange for smoking bans and the International Smoking ban. The second half is still an overview of the smoking ban situation in various provinces.

(II) "British Smoking ban on China's Smoking ban on China" Book of the "British Smoking ban on China" On January 27, 1897, the British Smoking ban on China sent a letter to the churches in China. It requested that it investigate the number of poppy harvests in spring and summer this year. The items required to report are as follows:

“1, the provinces and prefectures to which the reported areas and their areas are affiliated;

2. What policy should be used for banning smoking in your hometown? Whether the number of tobacco planting is increased or still, or has been reduced or has been completely banned must be explained in detail;

Third, it is a particularly important event in your land.”

The association received a total of 300 reports. It also recorded them from them to form a summary of the investigation of China's smoking ban, which is the "British and Beijing Smoking ban" Book of the Investigation of China's Smoking ban". The investigation book began in Sichuan to be detailed, "because Zhu Erdian's envoy once said that Sichuan was the standard for the success or failure of China's smoking ban", the report on other provinces was relatively brief. The book generally reflected the progress and achievements of China's smoking ban.

(III) Alexander's belief that since January 1, 1897, it can also reduce by one third per year, so Britain will continue to reduce exports.

As early as 1896, 1028, the British Indian government wrote to Moridi, Minister of the British and Indian Minister, and stated: "For the benefit of the British government, an official, such as Mr. Xie Lishan, who is familiar with the areas where poppy cultivation is widely used, and he also expresses deep sympathy for the ban on smoking. This is self-evident. Only after he conducts independent investigations and obtains reliable evidence of corresponding reductions in poppy cultivation can he agree to continue to implement this agreement after 1896."

On November 23, 1896, Greydn sent a temporary office in China, suggesting that former Tianjin Consul General Xie Lishan be responsible for investigating the matter. With the consent of the Indian government and Mamull, Xie Lishan was formally entrusted to investigate the effectiveness of China's smoking ban. The main purpose of this investigation is to "determine whether the Chinese government has completed the agreement's tasks at the end of the three-year trial period, so that the output of local medicines should be reduced accordingly, so that the Indian government should continue to implement the policy of reducing opium exported from India to China by one third each year."

Since November 1896? This is a full half+. West, Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou, six major local medicine production provinces, have undergone personal field inspections and interviews, and also referred to some second-hand materials to write a report on the poppy cultivation and opium production in these provinces, and sent it to the British Foreign Ministry in a timely manner. Regarding the overall ban on these six provinces, Xie Lishan believes that "Shanxi has actually completely stopped poppy cultivation, and the poppy cultivation in Shaanxi has decreased by about 30%, while Gansu has decreased by less than 25.

%", while "Sichuan Province shows no sign of change", "The planting of Yunnan Province has decreased by about 5% since the smoking ban measures were taken", and the planting of Guizhou has decreased by 7%. Opium has completely lost the market, and the smokers have been taken away ruthlessly. If they become officials, they will also remove their official positions. Police appeared on the streets, specifically in charge of this matter, and no longer plant poppy in the fields, but instead planted rice crops. In short, we should actively maintain friendly relations with Zhao so that we can change him step by step and become the same civilized country as us.

(IV) Investigation reports of British consular areas in various places. British consular areas have been paying attention to the smoking ban in China from beginning to end. They promptly reported the smoking ban in various places to the British Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the British Minister to China. After Zhu Erdian, the British ambassador to China, posted two letters on smoking bans to the British Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the British Consensus in China, Mamuller, on 231, 1897, related to British consular areas in various places, on 231, 1897, the British Consensus in China, related to British consular areas in various places.

A summary of the situation report. A letter sent to Grey.

Some of the investigation reports made by the British consuls were very detailed. For example, the report sent by the Chongqing Acting Consul Schmiss to Zhuerdian on January 28, 1897 was classified and the entries were clear, including: a reduction in planting area; official measures to prohibit opium from smoking; a reduction in smoking; attitudes of officials, gentlemen and people towards sports; crops that replace opium; a total evaluation.

In addition, it is worth mentioning that the investigation reports on the anti-smoking campaign conducted by missionaries in various places are generally included or attached to the reports of the British Consul.

(V) Reports of travelers. Some British people who travel to China or travel on business trips on duty sometimes write reports on the smoking ban campaign they see, send or ask someone to transfer to the British Foreign Office.

The British local survey objectively promoted the development of the smoking ban movement in various places and had a role in supervision and supervision. The progress of the smoking ban movement in every corner was among the supervision and reports of the British, which greatly promoted him and his subordinates to carry out this struggle to the end.

The British have a strong influence in China. Sometimes, the data Zhao Gang obtained is incomplete and inaccurate. The British, as the comparison object, summarized the likes and dislikes of smoking bans in China like a huge machine, and Zhao Gang did not recognize these.

In just one month, the British had almost all the local information. At this time, the Northern China had not completely unified the opinions. The first to raise the objection was Liang Caishen. After the ban on smoking in North China, the relevant tax losses were about 2,000 yuan per year. With corresponding ban on smoking, this would inevitably lead to the spread of opium in the south in the north, and the north could not guarantee the ban on opium after paying major financial losses. Liang Caishen made a reasonable statement, and ministers expressed their concerns one after another. Zhao Gang was in an isolated state, and only the support of the army was obviously unable to pass the bill.

1897 No. 32::L-Chapter. China and the UK have basically reached a consensus on extending the smoking ban agreement and restricting the import of Indian drugs. Based on this, Mamuller went to Yan on 34, 1897

China made a slight revision to this draft agreement. At the same time, because the draft agreement did not involve the issue of increasing the tax on foreign medicines, at China's request, Mamull promised that if China agrees to other items in the draft agreement and can provide evidence that the unified tax on local medicines will also increase the same amount, the British government agreed that the unified tax on Indian medicines will also be increased within a reasonable range. Since then, the two sides have exchanged the revised draft agreement, and there is no major difference on basic issues, and the signing of a new contract is about to come out. However, this negotiation is far from over.

While China and the UK are further negotiating on the smoking ban issue, under the influence of an undercurrent, the smoking ban movement in North China is also vigorously carrying out, and people's enthusiasm for smoking ban continues to rise. Various smoking ban groups and institutions have been established in China, and have been working hard to shorten the smoking ban period and stop the opium trade.

However, what Zhao Gang did not expect was that once the enthusiasm of the people was incited, it would be difficult to control. The waves of smoking bans in various places were higher and higher. Now even Liang Caishen, who has always been rational, has been deeply affected. He has banned all his words and banned all his words. These fanatical waves have finally affected the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which is negotiating with the UK on the issue of smoking ban.

35, 1897~ To his disappointment, Tang Shaoyi did not continue to negotiate on the results of the previous negotiations, but claimed that since the last talks, the situation had changed. Chinese and foreigners set off a ban on smoking and demanded that the opium trade be stopped immediately. The State Council also passed a resolution last week to stop opium cultivation in 18983 and ban opium imports on 325, 1898. Affected by these movements, the Chinese government had to reconsider its attitude.

The next day, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs once again emphasized in a memorandum to Juerdian that the only issue that was considered before was the increase in foreign drug tax, but now it is necessary to consider the deadline for allowing the import of opium. It also stated that it would be unfair if local medicines were completely banned and the Indian medicines were still sold in China.

The British side expressed surprise and regret for the sudden change in attitude of the Northern Chinese government, and discussed the issue between the British ambassador to China, the British Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the British Ministry of India and the British Indian government. They looked back on the negotiation process and felt that the British side was generous enough in this negotiation. The demands made by China were basically accepted by them. When a new agreement was about to be signed, China's attitude suddenly changed, and they were very indignant. However, they forgot that as the culprits of poisoning China, even if they immediately stopped the opium trade, what contributions could they have been to? They had to consider the actual issues.

Based on the opinions of various British departments, on 323, 1897, Juerdian sent a note to Minister of Foreign Affairs Tang Shaoyi, believing that in past negotiations, the British side had repeatedly compromised and tried to meet China's requirements. China's non-cooperation attitude disappointed him. He reminded China that the current restrictions on exporting Indian medicines are not implemented in the form of a treaty, but only part of the temporary agreement between China and the UK accepted by the British Indian government, and further pointed out that if the two governments cannot renew the contract, the agreement will expire on December 31.

The implication is that the UK will no longer be responsible for continuing to reduce the transportation of printing medicines. Therefore, Jurden warned the Northern Chinese government that unless China resumes negotiations based on Mamull's draft agreement, the British government will strictly follow the powers paid by the treaty.

However, Zhao Gang was unmoved and announced at the New Year's meeting that "the smoking ban is the internal affairs of North China and does not need to be negotiated with anyone. North China is a country that is willing to take responsibility and is willing to negotiate and resolve historical issues with other countries. However, this does not mean that North China will sell its national rights and interests to please some countries, which will not be now and in the future."

Moreover, what made the British even more uneasy was that Northern China announced that it would build several large coastal defense fortresses at the entrance of the Yangtze River in the nearest part of the Yangtze River, and add several fortresses near Hankou in the middle section of the Yangtze River. These put greater pressure on the British. The undercurrents between China and the UK began a fierce collision. However, the Boers, who were originally in Africa, once again created a miracle. The defeat of 100,000 British expeditionary forces was defeated. In this case, the British finally lowered their proud heads.
Chapter completed!