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Chapter 180 The legendary story of mathematics in the past

Qiao Yu ignored those intrigues. From a child's perspective, sincerity is always the surefire weapon.
Qiao Yu was very sure that he would not be able to pass the application to the National Natural Science Foundation of China because he did not put Senior Brother Chen in the applied research group.
Unless the review expert is really out of his mind.
If he applies for a proof of the Riemann Hypothesis today and can pass the review, with the current strength of China's scientific research community, tomorrow what N-S equations, NP-complete problems, Hodge conjecture, Yang-Mills theory...
Wait, these propositions that make people think they are lofty will probably appear on the desk of the National Natural Science Foundation of China's review team. Who will not be annoyed by whoever replaces them?
So as long as the teacher responsible for reviewing his project is still sane, he will probably put it aside after reading his application.
The only thing that Qiao Yu didn't expect was that submitting a project application to Natural Science would also spark heated discussions in the Chinese academic community.
It can only be said that there are still many people in Chinese academic circles who are full and have nothing to do.
If he had known that this was the case, he should have plunged into the academic pit earlier.
If he had risen to prominence two years earlier... No, Qiao Yu recalled the past and suddenly realized that he might not have risen to prominence earlier.
Because when he was in the first grade of junior high school, he still found the content of Riemannian geometry to be very obscure and difficult to understand. When he came to the third grade of junior high school and looked back at the content, he could suddenly understand it easily.
This probably shows that his brain was still developing during the first and second years of junior high school, and his brain at that time was not strong enough to handle such advanced knowledge.
But things are different now. After all, the brain becomes more flexible the more it is used.

After casually giving Senior Brother Chen a shot of chicken blood, Qiao Yu handed over part of the verification task to Chen Zhuoyang with peace of mind.
The reason why Qiao Yu felt that the proof method he thought of was stupid was that the proof process required continuous analysis and trial and error with great patience.
For example, the modal path and symmetry verification is to verify the symmetry of the zero points by verifying whether all modal points are concentrated on the modal path Γ.
If it has been found that all points are strictly distributed on the path Γ* and the symmetry conditions are met, the conclusion of the Riemann Hypothesis can be directly drawn.
Of course, if there is a local deviation in the verification results, it may also be found that the modal points cannot be concentrated, but it does not matter. Next, methods such as modal convolution and modal density can be used to analyze the situation from a global perspective.
In short, as long as the Riemann Hypothesis is correct, there is always one of these many methods that can verify the result.
After all, the nonlinear data problems in the laboratory can be solved. There is no reason why such a simple number theory problem cannot be solved.
What he needs to do is to accurately define the mapping between number theory and modal space. For example, if the problem is ultimately solved using modal density, then the equation between the modal density function ρM and the prime counting function π(x) must be accurately established.
price relationship.
Although it is quite troublesome to say, Qiao Yu has already completed the first step, and the next step is just to see which method works in the end, and then to deduce a few more theorems.
Mathematics problems are like this. If you don't have a method, you just feel that the situation is extremely difficult and you have no clue.
But as long as we can find the right method, it will probably feel so easy. Mathematicians all over the world are pursuing exactly this feeling of so easy.
Just like that, it was mid-March in a blink of an eye, and the weather in Beijing began to gradually get warmer. There was also a response to the project application from the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
Not surprisingly, it passed.
There was no discussion at the meeting this time. Everyone knows what the Riemann Hypothesis is.
However, this time the review committee also gave Qiao Yu a thoughtful tip, for example, when applying for a national natural project, you don't need to make such a big proposition at once.
You might as well narrow the scope of the proposition first, such as the study of new solutions to the Riemann Hypothesis. Maybe it will be passed. It feels more or less explicit.
But Qiao Yu didn't take this application seriously. In theory, he didn't need these fund projects to prove himself. He was only seventeen years old, so it didn't matter whether he wore a hat or not.
Anyway, the money applied for from the fund is very troublesome to use. It is better to get more various bonuses from the school.
Of course, with the new semester and the new atmosphere, papers will naturally have to be published. However, this time the paper was not sent to Princeton’s Annual Journal of Mathematics, but to JAMS.
It is also one of the top four mathematics journals in the world. It is the flagship journal of the American Mathematical Society. The journals accepted also cover pure mathematics and applied mathematics.
The reason why I chose JAMS is because when I joined the American Mathematical Society last year, I promised to write a paper and submit it. For such simple things, Qiao Yu always does what he says.
After all, even if you don't keep your word, it still has to be used in big events. If you can't keep your word in small things, then your character is too thin.
Of course, there is some trivia in this. Although the American Mathematical Society has the word "USA" in it, its essence can be said to be an international mathematical organization.
After all, members of the American Mathematical Society actually come from all over the world. People from Europe, Asia and other regions can apply.
Similarly, activities sponsored by the American Mathematical Society also include IMO, ICM, and other well-known competitions and conferences.
Qiao Yu is now an international member of AMS. He can access the mathematical literature database of AMS. It is cheaper to purchase publications or attend conferences.
The former is useful to have direct access to the database. As for purchasing journals and attending conferences, Qiao Yu feels as if he has not spent any money.
Of course, it may have been spent, but it was money paid for him by his tutor. But it doesn't matter, the research funds approved by many mathematics projects are used for this.
It's always good to save some in the future.
Qiao Yu learned the lesson from last time when he published his paper this time and said hello to Tian Yanzhen in advance.
After Tian Yanzhen read it about once, he asked: "You are sending this paper out before the proof work is finished? Are you not afraid that others will prove the Riemann Hypothesis through your method first?"
"How is that possible! The person who knows this axiom system best is me. I know what difficulties will come next, but others may not!" Qiao Yu answered nonchalantly.
So after Tian Yanzhen changed the correspondent's name to Qiao Yu, he said: "Okay, you can submit the paper yourself. You don't need to put my name as the corresponding author in your future papers.
Just use your own name. Anyway, you are already well-known in the mathematics community. Maybe it will be more useful than my name, and it will save me the need to be the sounding board between you and the editor."
"Okay, Director Tian!" Qiao Yu nodded in agreement. His tutor is still good.
Another good news is that AMS’s centralized manuscript processing system is quite easy to use...

For Tian Yanzhen, a talented student, the impact of suddenly having to study the Riemann Hypothesis gradually faded away with the passage of time.
No way, when the news was so popular, the question that everyone was most concerned about was whether the national natural expert group would give Qiao Yu a pass.
It's a pity that the review team could not withstand the pressure and directly killed Qiao Yu's project.
In fact, from the perspective of watching the excitement, there is really a small group of people who hope to see Qiao Yu's application approved.
As for whether Qiao Yu can really solve the Riemann Hypothesis...well, most people are still not optimistic about it.
After all, the Riemann Hypothesis, as an important issue in number theory, is different from other mathematical issues. Top mathematicians around the world have almost broken this issue into pieces.

Across the ocean, No. XXX, Charles Street, Providence, Rhode Island, is where the headquarters of the American Mathematical Society is located.
John Henry walked into his office carrying a cup of coffee.
In fact, the editorial boards of JAMS and some journals are organized differently from some traditional journals.
Leveraging on the huge influence of AMS, its editorial board is composed of well-known mathematicians from all over the world, who have important influence in their respective research fields.
The headquarters is responsible for comprehensively handling some editorial matters.
With this organizational method and efficient liaison mechanism with reviewers, if we compare the four major mathematics journals in the world, JAMS actually has the fastest review speed compared to the other three.
It only takes about 6-9 months on average.
Don’t think this time is very long. Next to Acta Mathematica, the review time is often nine months, or even more than a year.
And in comparison, JAMS has the highest rejection rate compared to the other three.
Probably more than 20%.
Of course, this does not mean that JAMS's review standards are lower.
In fact, it is precisely because the editorial board of JAMS is composed of a group of high-level mathematicians that it is extremely attractive in the academic world and has attracted submissions from many top mathematicians.
Of course, in such a high-level academic circle, there may also be subjective tendencies caused by personal connections, but this does not affect the overall academic rigor of JAMS.
After a few brief greetings with his colleagues in the office, John Henry sat in front of his computer and expertly entered his login information. After a while, the JAMS backend submission management system was loaded.
This is the starting point for his daily work and a core part of the JAMS editing process.
Unlike other people who like to relax during breakfast, John Henry prefers to quickly browse the backend in the early morning to see if any newly submitted papers have attracted his attention.
In particular, manuscripts that dealt with areas he was familiar with or seemed to have potential academic value always cheered him up.
Finding the most suitable reviewers for a high-quality paper is very interesting for John Henry.
Well, he likes the mathematicians he often collaborates with to complain to him: "Damn it! Why do you want me to review this kind of paper?"
The latest chapter of this novel is first released, please go and read it!
I also like the mathematician who complained to him: "Damn it! Why didn't you ask me to review this paper?"
In short, John Henry is an editor who loves life and mathematics.
There seemed to be no papers that made his eyes light up, until suddenly a paper was refreshed in the submission system.
John Henry was attracted by the title of the paper when he first saw it!
"Geometry Mapping of Riemann Hypothesis under the Generalized Modal Axiom System".
I have to say that when Riemann Hypothesis is combined with Generalized Modal Axiom, it is really eye-catching.
One is a well-known unsolved problem in mathematics, and the other is currently the most cutting-edge and hottest research direction in mathematics.
The combination of the two gives this paper the potential to become popular. Of course, the premise is that the paper really has content.
The number of citations of Qiao Yu's paper in the Annals of Princeton Mathematics officially exceeded 1,000 the day before yesterday.
In four months, it has exceeded 1,000 citations. In terms of pure mathematical articles, the popularity represented by this number is probably the same as the popularity of a popular star's official announcement of love, which caused Weibo to be shut down.
All are of phenomenal popularity.
This time GMAS can also be combined with the Riemann Hypothesis, which is so hot that John Henry can't even imagine it.
Especially when he saw the corresponding author following the paper: "Qiao Yu*", John Henry's eyes lit up.
The founder of GMAS came out and submitted an article to JAMS for the first time, but he actually bumped into me.
So John Henry clicked the "Claim Paper" button immediately.
According to the internal allocation rules, during the initial review of papers, if the editor is on duty and finds that the paper is related to the subject direction he is responsible for, he can give priority to "snatching" the paper.
After grabbing it, I left a note: "This document involves number theory and generalized modal systems, which is exactly in line with my relevant expertise. I will be responsible for the preliminary review and editing."
For a senior editor within a journal, it is also very meaningful to grab a paper that can become a hit and follow the entire review, editing and final publication process.
For example, he can not only understand the content of the paper and the evaluation of the paper by the big guys in the industry at the first time, but also directly communicate with the corresponding author, that is, Qiao Yu himself, through email about this paper.
Isn't this a rare opportunity for in-depth academic exchanges? It would be even better if a personal friendship can be established.
After all, there are so many manuscripts about generalized axiomatic systems, and it is difficult to find suitable reviewers. There is no doubt that Qiao Yu is one of the most suitable reviewers.
But the entire journal circle knows that when these kind of review requests are sent to Qiao Yu, they are basically rejected. It is still a template rejection.
"Thank you for your love, but I am still young and still learning. I am not suitable to take on the responsibility of a reviewer for the time being, and it is difficult to give a pertinent and effective evaluation."
In addition, publishing such a paper is equivalent to personally taking charge of the publication process of a top-level paper, which is also a career highlight.
In the future, if he stops working at JAMS and changes to another journal, he will be able to use this as an argument.
Finally, after he finished the operation, the prompt box "This paper is now assigned to John" popped up on the computer.
John Henry felt satisfied.
But before he could download the paper and read it carefully, the phone next to him rang.
As soon as I answered the phone, I heard an angry voice coming from the phone.
"John, did you snatch Qiao Yu's paper?"
John Henry could certainly recognize the voice of his mentor at MIT, Larry Guth.
As a former student of Professor Guth, he knew better that Larry Guth had been studying the Riemann Hypothesis with Professor James Maynard from his alma mater over the years.
In the past two years, the two professors have made certain breakthroughs in their research on the Riemann Hypothesis. More specifically, they have used more precise methods to improve their understanding of zero-point distribution and large-value behavior.
This is a theoretically crucial result, because from a number theory perspective, this result provides a more powerful basis for further studying the core properties of the Riemann zeta function, verifying the Riemann conjecture, and studying a wider range of number theory issues.
Basic tools.
John Henry also went back to listen to the lecture. The two big guys did introduce new methods, including more accurate Taylor expansion technology, estimation of higher-order derivatives, and improved analytic continuation technology...
But obviously this is still far from completely solving the problem of the Riemann Hypothesis. But then again, the work of the two has also been extended to other Dirichlet series.
At the same time, his mentor seemed to be a member of the editorial board, so John Henry was not surprised at all when he received this call.
"Yes, Professor Gus, I just saw this paper posted and immediately claimed it. You know, I am definitely not the only one staring at the background at this time."
John Henry said quite excitedly.
"Yes, I just planned to receive this article, but it disappeared as soon as I refreshed it. Your hand speed is very fast! But you'd better be faster in the first review. James and I can be the reviewers of this paper."
Well, John Henry was quite proud of having snatched the right of preliminary review from his tutor. He even felt that he was definitely more qualified than his tutor to first review Qiao Yu's paper.
Although his mentor and Professor James Maynard have been studying the Riemann Hypothesis over the years, their research on the generalized modal axiom system may not be as thorough as his.
For this kind of interdisciplinary article that combines the two, the first review requires someone like him who knows something about both.
"Don't worry, Professor Gus. In fact, the first two reviewers that came to mind after I grabbed this article were you and Professor James. I will do it as soon as possible."
Sure enough, hard-working birds are always rewarded.
After hanging up the phone with his tutor, John Henry downloaded the paper directly. He had no choice but to do it because his tutor asked him to hurry up, so he still had to give him some respect.
Soon John Henry fell into the wonderful world of papers. Qiao Yu's paper reminded him of a legendary story in the mathematics world about the Riemann Hypothesis.
This story is probably an accidental exchange between Hugh Montgomery and the famous physicist Dyson, and then they discovered that the same universal law that controls random matrices and atomic spectra also applies to the ζ function.
This is also supported numerically by a large amount of computational work since the 1980s.
At that time, the two people came up with the same formula in different ways. The physicist Dyson came up with this company through the study of energy levels in matrix mathematics, while Hugh Montgomery studied the prime number portrait of the correlation function...
Of course, this doesn't mean anything. At most, it can only show that some laws are indeed universal, and extends to a related conjecture - the Gaussian unitary set conjecture:
The non-trivial zero point distribution of the Riemann zeta function has the same statistical properties as the eigenvalue distribution of the Gaussian unitary matrix in random matrix theory.
Qiao Yu started with two formulas with similar structures and gradually verified some isomorphism between the distribution of modal points and the zero-point distribution of the Riemann zeta function.
Although this constructive geometric method is different from Montgomery and Dyson's statistical law research, they both reveal certain universal laws in essence.
Chapter completed!
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