Chapter 463 Happy Li Si
Zhao Kuo had no way to implement the system of separation of land ownership and management rights that he knew on this land. He told Han Fei and Lu Buwei about this system. Han Fei was very surprised. He thought this was a good way to solve the land problem. However, Han Fei raised the biggest problem he faced, that is, the issue of land recovery. The Qin State's farming and war system was based on private ownership of land, and it was very risky to do so.
At the same time, Lu Buwei also believed that he felt that such an approach would directly cause dissatisfaction among the whole country and cause great harm. Zhao Kuo could only temporarily endure it. For some reason, during these days, Zhao Kuo always seemed a little anxious, as if something was chasing him and forcing him to complete these reforms today. The one who chased him was probably a monster called time. Zhao Kuo stroked his gray beard and often lamented the passage of time.
Zhao Kuo was always a little uneasy. He often went out, sat in a carriage, and looked at the situation in Xianyang. When he saw the hard-working people, he always imagined the flames and ruins burning here in the future. Qin II died, and Zhao Kuo allowed Qin to complete the unification more than ten years ahead of schedule, but his unification was not for Qin. Qin would sooner or later, and there was no feudal dynasty that would not perish. Zhao Kuo was not worried about Qin's demise. He was worried about another civil war after the dynasty quickly collapsed.
According to the current productivity, the development of the military system, the current civil war is probably more cruel than the wars in the Warring States Period, and will cause a lot of disasters. The world that has finally been pacified, those who died for the world, those who were killed by themselves, and all those people... Zhao Kuo promised them that if they want to see a prosperous era, they must never violate their promises.
Zhao Kuo came to complete these things in a hurry, because he was worried that he would not have much time. He wanted to do more things while he was alive and could leave with peace of mind. The system he proposed was impossible to complete now, but since there was a proposer, it might not be impossible to succeed in the future. Thinking of this, Zhao Kuo simply wrote the complete system as a reference for future generations.
Han Fei can only use his own methods to limit the issue of land annexation. The best way is of course to be the government interfering in the transaction of land. Today's land transactions also require approval from the government. However, Han Fei still wants to add something to it. The government must protect the rights and interests of farmers. He cannot let others bully them and buy and sell them forcibly. In the official law, Han Fei strictly prohibits officials from making friends with local forces, and stipulates that officials cannot be officials in their hometowns.
The officials in the village cannot be in their own townships, the officials in the village cannot be in their own county, and the officials in the county cannot be in their own county. In order to avoid collusion between officials and local areas, of course, Han Fei still has to deal with them in more detail. In addition to these, the more important thing is to guard the tomb... Well, after Zhao Kuo accidentally proposed the system of a powerful nemesis from the Han Dynasty, Han Fei copied it without hesitation, and he applauded. This system was too perfect!
The landlords and powerful people who may appear in the future never expected that before they appeared, a few bigwigs arranged their own paths clearly. Zhao Kuo and Han Fei have always been together recently, and the two discussed economic law. When it comes to economic law, there is one point that cannot be avoided, that is, the so-called salt and iron monopoly. Many people think that salt and iron monopoly is the system of Emperor Wu of Han, and believe that it is a great achievement of his.
In fact, the salt and iron monopoly also come from the pipes of Qi State. It seems that any system can be related to this person, whether it is private land or salt and iron... I can only say that it is not a loss to be the first prime minister of China. The old man felt that it was too terrible for merchants to sell salt and iron by themselves. In order to change this, the old man formulated a precedent for only the country to buy and sell salt and iron. During the Shang Yang period, Shang Yang learned from this system, so in Qin, it was also a salt and iron monopoly.
In the early Han Dynasty, because of the need to cultivate and revitalize the people and slowly restore the people, this system was banned and the people became rich quickly. By the time of Emperor Wu of Han, Emperor Wu of Han restarted this system and then implemented it for many years. After Emperor Wu of Han, selling salt became a big crime... Well, using small white particles to sell it in bags, both modern and ancient times, is the same great sin.
Zhao Kuo was a little hesitant about the salt and iron monopoly. Generally speaking, the salt and iron monopoly is actually a monopoly operation of salt and iron implemented by feudal countries in order to restrict industrial and commercial development and increase fiscal revenue. It sounds like a backward system. In fact, in today's era, such a system can not only attack local tyrants, but also protect the people, because the price of salt and iron is officially established, so there will be no such situation of price gouging and hoarding.
Salt and iron are materials that the people need very much. Iron tools are indispensable in life, and salt is even indispensable in life. So it is not good for the government to conduct monopoly operations. In fact, in Qin, many things are monopoly operations by the government, such as restaurants, posts, which are what we call restaurants and hotels. These are all official industries, and the people who do business are civil servants who receive wages, not individual vendors.
So when eating in Xianyang, there will be no waiter who smiles enthusiastically to serve you, because they are the old men. Of course, Zhao Kuo can still get very enthusiastic service when he goes to eat occasionally... This situation also changed during the Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty allowed the existence of self-employed people, so a large number of restaurants and restaurants appeared, as long as they paid taxes. This is a kind of social progress, which not only facilitates the masses, but also drives the progress of business.
In today's era, or in the Qin State, business is a discriminatory thing. Many people say that this is because merchants do not do production themselves, but only make profits by merging back and forth. However, aren't these shops and small business deals considered production? It's impossible to say that they took the farmers' millet, wheat and then sold them into food to make profits?
The main reason is that the Qin State did not need business, and soldiers could not do business, and the Qin State happened to be full of soldiers. Of course, there were also big merchants in Qin, with "big capitalists". Although Qin hated merchants, it would not prohibit business. Just doing business means... When conquering wars, you are the first to be conquered, and corvee labor is the first to be used... Anyway, it is all kinds of targets, and Zhao Kuo felt that there was no need for this.
Merchants have always had a bad reputation. Even after thousands of years, they are considered to be a group of vampires chasing interests. Well, maybe they are really like this, but business is also the most important part of human society. Can the circulation of materials and the progress of society bypass business? Zhao Kuo did not mean to encourage business. He just wanted to relax the restrictions on merchants and not arrest others at any time to die.
There are also these official restaurants and the like. In fact, there is nothing wrong with opening these small shops in private. There are no vendors on the streets of Qin, because business can only be done in the prescribed city, and there is time for it sooner or later. The Qin and Han dynasties are like this. Therefore, in some TV series, the protagonists walked on the streets and saw vendors selling everywhere. Well, this is unreasonable. In Qin, they were directly arrested and shaved off their beards and then compensated three times the price of your illegal profit.
If it were in the Han Dynasty, the situation would be much better, but your stall would be confiscated and then you would be severely criticized.
Well, the biggest difference between the Qin and Han dynasties was the difference between shaving or not. But don’t think that the laws of the Han Dynasty were too loose. Although the laws of the Han Dynasty did not shave their beards much, they would occasionally shave off some more important things, otherwise, Shigong Tai would not have written the Imperial Chronicle.
On this point, Han Fei did not object. Han Fei always regarded merchants as borers, but he knew in his heart that commercial activities were indispensable and inevitable. Of course, the national policy of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce could not be changed. At most, it was to let merchants open up some holes and allow them to do small businesses to facilitate the people and pay more taxes. Although Han Fei relaxed the restrictions, his customized commercial tax was so high that it was scary.
Zhao Kuo naturally did not object. If the merchant earned more, he would naturally have to pay more. Moreover, the merchant could easily transform into a powerful man, or in other words, he was essentially no different from a powerful man, and he would start to suck blood after being strong. Therefore, Zhao Kuo could understand that Han Fei did this. Since he was proposed by Shang Yang, he had been in China for thousands of years. This is not unreasonable.
Kings and wise men of all dynasties also know the importance of business and are also relaxing the restrictions on business bit by bit, but they can never walk out of the path of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce. It is not that they cannot walk out, but that they are unwilling to walk out!
Who knows that these "housheng" who are crazy and can sell anything will sell themselves one day! Yes, it cannot be said that they arehousheng. Many of them do not have the credit ofhousheng yet!
"Damn it! All deserve it!" In the palace, Ying Zheng's roar came from the palace. The emperor looked extremely angry. He kicked the document in front of him, which was particularly irritable. In front of him, there were only Han Fei and Li Si, who lowered their heads and said nothing more. The emperor was holding a letter from Fusu to himself. His face turned red and his eyes were burning with anger. He sneered, looked at Li Si, and said, "Are these my officials?"
"Bully the superiors and hide their subordinates, and give them a gift, haha, the law? That's how you are the example of all officials?!" The emperor almost threw the documents in his hand towards Li Si. Li Si still moved, lowered his head, and Fusu told Ying Zheng about the local report. The emperor, who thought that the world was peaceful, local officials abide by the law, and the people were happy, suddenly knew the real situation in the local area. At that moment, Ying Zheng almost exploded.
Chapter completed!