Chapter 135 Battle Summary
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The vigorous battle of Hunan in the southwest ended on a pile of Japanese corpses. The final battle of the battle was completed near a school in Changsha. Here, a group of generals and officers from the Japanese army's southern base camp were able to commit suicide by seizing themselves while the Japanese soldiers outside fought to the death. From then on, from the Hunan Battle started on April 9th to the end of June 21st, a total of ten Japanese divisions were annihilated, including the Fifth and Sixth Divisions of the Japanese army, killing 211th major generals or above, more than 190 assistant officers, a total of more than 140,000 Japanese officers and soldiers, capturing 216 Japanese officers and soldiers, including seven lieutenants and three lieutenants, one of the surrendered assistants, one captain and two soldiers.
The huge casualties caused a national shock in Japan, from the emperor, government officials, military departments, and people. Since the Meiji Restoration, especially since the Sino-Japanese War of 1895, Japan has not suffered such a heavy blow. More than 140,000 officers and soldiers of ten divisions were shot dead, which was nearly a quarter of the loss for the standing army that had only more than 600,000 at that time. It can be said that in Japan, the Korean Peninsula, the three eastern provinces of China, and the north of the Yangtze River, Japan can be drawn out.
Except for the five divisions that were finally registered and then evacuated, Japan now has almost no extra army forces to carry out new offensives. The northern resistance armed forces became active due to the Japanese army's dispatch of troops to carry out southern offensives. In addition, the victory in the Southwest Hunan Battle led to a huge increase in confidence in resistance. A series of anti-Japanese actions in Japan and northern China occupied the land of northern China were blooming everywhere, and the Japanese military headquarters had to urgently mobilize three divisions from the local area to reinforce.
By the end of early July, the Southwest Army completed the post-war deployment, and transferred the Sixth Army, which was damaged in this battle, the two airborne divisions, Guard Divisions, and several second-line B units that completed the combat mission back to Guangxi for rest and reorganization; in mid-July, the Southwest Army conducted a post-war summary that was passed down from Duan Guoxue's first bandit suppression operation, from bottom to top. From individuals, classes, grassroots non-commissioned officers to various platoons, companies, battalions, regiments, divisions and troops, command centers, as well as the air force, navy, logistics department and other units directly involved in the battle participated in the summary.
This summary did not end until early August. It took a long time, a large number of people, and the comprehensive range of troops was the largest since the founding of the Southwest Army. It was also the first time that a large inventory, criticism and praise of the overall military strength of the Southwest.
In the summary of grassroots soldiers at all levels, infantry soldiers pointed out that the Japanese military's combat tactics are rigid and lack of flexibility in combat. At the same time, they are superstitious about the outdated bayonet cold weapon tactics, and become a living target in the face of automatic rifles and semi-automatic rifles that are dense and powerful but can maintain fire continuity. At the same time, they pointed out that the Japanese army's weapons and equipment are considered very good when facing other Chinese troops. However, they are obviously several major levels behind the main forces in the southwest. From individual ground rifles to fire-supporting ground machine guns, heavy machine guns, grenade launchers and other auxiliary fire suppression weapons, all are not as good as the various light weapons equipped in the southwest.
Although the weapons equipped by the Southwest Army are far superior to the Japanese army, the soldiers also expressed contempt and high vigilance warnings about the Japanese army's desperate fighting style in combat. During this battle, some casualties in the Southwest Army, especially those in the ambulance area, were almost killed and injured by Japanese soldiers when rescuing injured Japanese soldiers. This kind of revenge not only aroused the extreme anger of the soldiers, but also caused the soldiers to almost no prisoners. Therefore, there were very few prisoners of war captured in this battle. This not only caused the Japanese army to be unwilling to be captured, but also the soldiers' slaughtering of prisoners in anger.
It is worth mentioning that in this battle, not only several main combat troops performed well, but also the auxiliary attack troops of the second-line troops also showed excellent performance, active and brave in combat and tenacious style. When the enemy is strong and we are weak, we are not afraid of fighting and fighting. Although we are far inferior to the main combat troops on the front line in terms of weapons and equipment, we also showed the unique style of each unit.
As the mechanized troops dispatched in this war, all units were amazed at the super power of these mechanized troops, with high mobility and fast assault entry. They can attack and defend. With the cooperation of armored vehicles to assist the infantry, the battle almost became a one-sided situation. However, soldiers and officers at all levels also noticed that due to the special nature of the mountains in the southwest, mechanized troops have always been small-scale auxiliary attack forces. However, in this battle, the flat terrain enhanced the mobility of tanks and armored vehicles, and the high-speed interweaving became another highlight in this battle.
In particular, the cluster attack power of the large group mechanical forces is even more terrifying. A mechanized and insurgent battalion sent by Nonggen and several tanks and armored vehicles of Feng Junzuo, although the number of tanks and armored vehicles was not large, the terrible assault power displayed in the process of hitting the Japanese baggage troops that led the bridge made people not only look at each other but also made many officers keenly notice the terribleness of the lightning raid tactics in future wars. The large-depth and large-scale encirclement tactics proposed by officers such as Feng Junzuo, Nonggen and others at the military academy have become a hot research topic for the new tactics brought by new weapons.
The brilliant achievements of the Air Force also made the officers and soldiers of the Southwest Army taste the importance of air supremacy for the first time; in the early stage of this battle, the Air Force first destroyed the aircraft equipped by the Japanese Air Force and the airports built by the Japanese Air Force, making the aircraft that the Japanese army had been rampant on the land of China become lighters in the sky and landed on the ground one after another; and with air supremacy, the Japanese army tasted the taste of being fired and dive-bombed by aircraft for the first time in the battle.
The control of air supremacy not only allowed the army to receive air support from the air force in time, but also easily dropped two airborne divisions and went to the rear of the Japanese army to cut and encircle them.
Compared with the glorious achievements of the Army and the Air Force, the Navy's achievements are somewhat unpredictable. The results of the total tonnage of less than 500,000 tons have made the naval officers and soldiers a little shame. Even Gong Lang, the best in the battle, is not good for showing off his medals in front of the army officers.
As mentioned earlier, there is a compliment and criticism in the summary of Southwest. After affirming the achievements of each participating unit, criticism from deep digging out the shortcomings also followed.
First, from the command center, from the veteran General Yang Wensheng criticized and self-examination of the casualties caused by insufficient judgment of the Japanese army's strength and combat effectiveness, to Gan Fulin's disobedience attack and Feng Junzuo's arbitrarily changed the combat plan without reporting. What is the duty of the soldiers? It is obedience!! There is no fault in changing the combat mode due to changes in the battle situation. The situation on the battlefield is changing instantly, with accurate judgment, luck, and the daring to temporarily change the combat plan.
It is understandable. After all, no matter how detailed the combat plan is formulated, it cannot keep up with the instant changes in the battlefield. However, if the change in the battle situation is not reported in time, it is intentional disobedience. The most typical of these is Feng Junzuo's unauthorized assault. If it is said that other troops in China lack effective communication methods, it is understandable. However, if the Southwest radio communication is assembled to the company and the platoon-level unit, it is a conscious disobedience.
Therefore, Feng Junzu made enough military achievements to attack the Japanese baggage force and should be rewarded, but he had to fight the ball when he was willing to disobey his orders. In the end, the position of Feng Junzu remained unmoved. However, as another commendation, the military flag with a blood-colored head was officially issued to the 4th Company of the 2nd Battalion, and the three big characters of the Blood-headed Company were printed on the flag. The 4th Company, as the first company in the southwest, has its own independent name, which made other companies jealous.
Various tactical problems that arise in combat have also received high attention. In this battle, both the offensive and defense troops in the southwest performed well in field combat, and performed well in fire support, attack and rushing, battlefield suppression, and designated destruction. However, in village searches, street street fighting and final urban street fighting, the lack of effective tactics exposed in this area made the battle a little difficult; in response to this situation, the command center and various combat troops expressed that they would conduct special research and training specifically for such combat.
As another important logistics work, after criticizing the early logistics units for insufficient judgment on weather conditions and insufficient preparations, they fully affirmed that they learned the lessons from the previous period when they were in the late stage of the battle. The people along the railways ensured the smooth flow of the roads, strengthened timely communication with the weather forecasting units, and accurately and timely transported various combat materials and gave high praise and evaluation.
After the end of the battle, the logistics unit transported more than 100,000 tons of various materials to the front line, including all materials needed by bullets, firearms, artillery shells, grain, cement, etc.; a total of various personnel transported more than 270,000 people were transported, effectively and timely supported the deployment and adjustment of the operations; a total of more than 600 kilometers of primary roads, more than 40 kilometers of railways, and more than 40 temporary steel bridges were built and built. Several engineering corps and several road bridge construction units responsible for logistics road construction were commended by the General Command.
The medical treatment units in the logistics were also commended. Judging from the medical conditions of the battlefield at all levels of the army, the front-line battlefield medical soldiers were not afraid of life and death. Rescuing the wounded in the rain of bullets won valuable time for later surgical treatment. The staff and nurses of the second-line battlefield hospital staff and the surgeons of the knife were all withstood fatigue. They performed surgery for several days and nights and rescued a large number of serious wounded people. Many doctors stood in front of the operating table for several hours in order to protect the injured limbs of the soldiers while performing surgery on the wounded, so that the soldiers could return to the battlefield to continue to kill the enemy. With the wholehearted rescue and careful care of the medical units, the will to survive and morale of the wounded were greatly improved. In addition, the good efficacy of antibiotics, the secondary death and disability rates were effectively suppressed.
After more than 20 days of summary, many problems that have arisen have been solved, and problems that cannot be solved for the time being will be submitted to relevant departments for special research as special research topics, trying to avoid such problems from arising again in the next battle.
And at the Southwest General Command, more and deeper problems are also placed in front of the top leaders of the Southwest.
Although the battle was very exciting, the large-scale and high-intensity battles have caused a large amount of consumption of various materials that the Southwest has painstakingly reserved. Many materials, such as various ammunition, have consumed one-fifth of the Southwest reserves, and oil has consumed one-quarter of the reserves. The large amount of consumption has made the Southwest lack the ability to attack again. Therefore, temporary renovation and re-reservation are also placed on the content of the discussions of the senior management of the Southwest.
Chapter completed!