Chapter 628 Buddhism and the Central Plains
Buddhism was introduced from India through the Western Regions at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, during the Xinmang period and in the early Eastern Han Dynasty.
According to records, in the first year of Yuanshou (2 BC), the doctoral disciple Jing Lu was sent to Dayuezhi, and his king sent people to teach the "Futu Jing" orally.
In the tenth year of Yongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (67 AD), Emperor Ming of Han dreamed of the Jin people, so he sent people to the Western Regions to welcome two eminent monks, Kashyapa Moteng and Zhu Falan, and brought many Buddha statues and Buddhist scriptures. He used a white horse camel to return to the capital Luoyang. The emperor ordered people to build houses for him to live in and translate the "Forty-Two Chapters of the Sutra", which is the current White Horse Temple.
Therefore, in the history of Chinese Buddhism, the tenth year of Yongping of Emperor Ming of Han was the year when Buddhism was introduced, and the White Horse Temple became the first Buddhist temple in China. The Forty-Two Chapters Sutra also became the first Chinese-translated Buddhist scripture in China.
Buddhism was introduced to China early, but because Confucianism was prosperous at that time, the development of Buddhism was very limited. It was not until after the Five Barbarians invaded China that Buddhism began to flourish.
During the Three Kingdoms in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Pi and Sun Quan believed in Buddhism and even opened Buddhist temples. This is also the usual practice of Buddhism, which is to develop the monarch into a Buddhist believer, so there is no need to worry about the development of Buddhism.
During the Western Jin Dynasty, official and folk Buddhist beliefs gradually became common. According to legend, there were 180 temples in the east and west capitals (Luoyang, Chang'an) in the Western Jin Dynasty, and more than 3,700 monks and nuns.
There were many people worshipping Buddhas in the Eastern Jin court. Emperor Yuan of Jin and Emperor Ming of Jin respected monks with his guests and friends. Emperor Yuan of Jin also "made waguan, two temples of Longgong, and thousands of monks of Jianye". Emperor Ming also "made huangxing, two temples of Taoist temples, gathered Yixue, and was named Hundred Monks". Therefore, Jiankang Buddhism was at its peak.
After experiencing the Five Barbarians' Invasion of China, Buddhism flourished because these foreign rulers who invaded the Central Plains basically believed in Buddhism, and then built Buddhist temples, translated and spread Buddhist scriptures, etc., which became even more common. Buddhism can be said to have taken advantage of this period to achieve glory.
In the early days of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, that is, during the Southern Dynasties, Buddhism flourished very much.
Later, when the Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu walked to Yangzhou, he wrote a poem saying, "There are 480 temples in the Southern Dynasties, and so many towers in the mist and rain." Although Buddhism experienced glory and dilapidation in Du Mu's era, many temples were destroyed, this number shows that there were only hundreds of temples in Yangzhou, which shows how prosperous Buddhism was back then.
In the late Northern Dynasties, when the Northern and Southern Dynasties, monarchs began to see the harm of Buddhism and proposed to destroy Buddhism. The most famous one was that Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty destroyed Buddhism and Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty destroyed Buddhism. It was because they saw that Buddhism did not engage in production, did not participate in corvee service, did not pay grain taxes, and encouraged young and strong laborers in the country to go up the mountain to believe in Buddhism and become monks, which greatly affected the development of the country. Therefore, they took the murderous intention and launched the anti-Japanese action.
These two people who destroyed Buddhism, along with the later Tang Wuzong of Tang Dynasty, were called the "Three Martials Destroying Buddha" in history.
Until the two emperors of the former Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wen of Sui Yang Jian and Emperor Yang Guang of Sui Yang, were both Buddhists and adopted policy support for Buddhism. Emperor Wen of Sui was fine and tried his best to achieve the co-governance of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Emperor Yang Guang of Sui Yang was better and became a disciple of the precepts under the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. Although these may be the means needed by rulers to rule the people, it can be seen how respected Buddhism was during that period.
Until the founding of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan actually believed in Buddhism and gave his eldest son Li Jiancheng the nickname Visa Mun. However, during the founding of the Tang Dynasty, in order to correct the name of the Li family, the Han family, he regarded the Taoist Laozi Li Er as his ancestor, so Taoism became the national religion of the Tang Dynasty. Even so, most of the aristocratic classes in the Tang Dynasty were left by the Sui Dynasty in the past, and many of them believed in Buddhism.
Now, due to the actual needs of the Tang Dynasty, it is necessary to fight against Buddhism, so Li Er, a filial son, had to ask his father to persuade him. Fortunately, Li Yuan is not a devout Buddhist, and he is even a virtuous person. He is also very disgusted with Buddhism blocking the way of the Tang Dynasty. He didn't say anything, but actually supported Bai Fan in his heart. So this time, he did not ask Li Jiancheng, the boss of the Li family, to come, because he was afraid that he would cause trouble.
As for the character of the Taishi Ling Fu Yi, who was the general Bai Fan, many people may have never heard of it. The position of Taishi Ling was actually Sima Qian's position at that time, responsible for recording and compiling historical books. In the Tang Dynasty, Taishi Ling and Volcanic Ling, who was in charge of the astronomical and calendars, were both under the jurisdiction of the Taishi Bureau. Until later, the rename of the astronomical and calendaring period of Emperor Gaozong of Tang was renamed Huntianjian.
Fu Yi is the Taishi Ling of the Tang Dynasty today. He is already 76 years old. This person may not be famous in history, but is very famous in religious history, especially in Buddhist history. Fu Yi was a famous anti-Buddhist fighter in the early Tang Dynasty.
He took the materialist view of nature and Confucian ethics as the theoretical basis, and firmly opposed Buddhism. He accused Buddhism of not speaking about the righteousness of the monarch, minister, father and son, being unfaithful to the monarch, and being unfilial to the father; he was wandering around and not engaged in production; he shaved his hair and changed clothes, evading taxes and service; exploiting the people, cutting off national storage; he taught evil books and evil laws, intimidating fools, and defrauding money and goods.
In the seventh year of Wude, he wrote a book called "Please Eliminate the Interpretation of the Interpretation" to Li Yuan, advocating the ban on Buddhism. Although it attracted Li Yuan's attention, there were too many Buddhist believers in the court, and few supported Fu Yi, and in the end it was not settled.
When the Tang Dynasty had such a capable man, when the emperor mentioned his dealing with Buddhism, Bai Fan thought of this old man, because he could be said to be a fighter who had been fighting Buddhism for a lifetime. He has been smart and fickle since childhood. When it comes to bickering with monks, Bai Fan believed that even his favorite disciple Du Gou was not as good as this old man.
"Hahahaha, okay, I didn't expect Jian Zhi to know Fu Yi. It seems that you have thought about Buddhism in the past. Fu Yi is indeed a good helper. He has a better way to deal with Buddhism than Lao Cheng." Li Yuan smiled.
Li Er nodded and said, "In this way, I will transfer Shubao's Zuo Wuwei to you, and Yuanba is back, so he will help you too. Who are you going to attack in this first battle?
One of them donated the land to Tanzhe Temple in Hebei, and the other to Shaolin Temple in Songshan. Both temples are famous among Buddhist temples, so it is very difficult to deal with. You have to be careful."
"It's okay, there is no difference between big fish and small fish in my eyes. I, Bai Fan, take action, and naturally I have to deal with the elite enemy. I am all rookies and there is no challenge at all, so it's so boring.
Chapter completed!