The next afternoon, Yuwen Wen taught the prince and the king of Yan in his study, giving the "international political class". He wanted to open his eyes and see how Persia and Roman countries thousands of miles away were committed to death, and then take it as a warning.

It’s not enough to just go to class. You have to let the “students” do the questions so that they can deepen their impressions and learn ideas and methods to deal with problems.

He has sent the relevant information and "titles" to his sons in advance, so today he directly got to the point: Why, the most recent "Last Emperor" in Persia and Rome ended up in a miserable end.

The "Last Emperor" of the Roman Kingdom was the "Emperor Morris" who was killed by the rebels ten years ago, referred to as "Mo Lao", and has no blood relationship with the current new Roman king; the "Last Emperor" of the Persian Kingdom is the biological father of Kusahe, the king of the current Persian kings, and is referred to as "Last Emperor".

Prince Yuwen Weicheng carefully read the relevant information provided by his father. Now, he will answer first, and then add to Yan Wang Yuwen Weihan.

"Old Ku" died in rebellion, "Old Mo" was similar, and also died in rebellion. The two have one thing in common, that is, as the monarch who has been in power for many years, he was overthrown by the army.

Normally, the monarch who has been in power for many years should have good control over the army. If this happens, it can only be said that the monarch has lost the hearts of the people.

The so-called "human heart" refers to the human hearts of nobles and generals.

Why does the monarch lose his heart?

Because of limited information, Yuwen Weicheng only knows a rough idea of ​​the national conditions of Rome and Persia. He knows that these two countries are similar to the Central Plains and are aristocratic politics, but they are even better.

Many great nobles were generals and ministers, and they had great power, so they were as light as they were in the center.

But these two countries are different from the Central Plains, that is, their religion is so powerful that the leaders of the "national religion" can go hand in hand with the monarch.

Religious leaders are responsible for religious affairs and are followed by a large number of believers. Although they do not participate in administration on weekdays, taking sides at critical moments will affect the outcome of the game between the monarch and the aristocrats. Therefore, the "people" in people's hearts also include religious leaders.

Yuwen Weicheng believes that the first reason for the loss of people's hearts is military and internal contradictions.

Persia and Rome have been suffering from hundreds of years of grudges and have been fighting continuously, so their national strength has been greatly overdrawn. In order to raise military expenses and buy the barbarians on the other side as a constraint, the two countries kept spending money, so they all increased taxes, which caused heavy burdens on the people and the nobles of all sizes were quite dissatisfied.

At this time, once a serious military failure occurs, it will lead to a great decline in the reputation of the monarch. Once the monarch, as the supreme military commander, loses its military glory, various criticisms and dissatisfactions will naturally emerge.

Taking the Persian "Kul" as an example, during his reign, the war against the Roman Kingdom was not going well, and a powerful enemy, the Turks, appeared in the northeast. The Persian army retreated step by step under the fierce attack of the Turkic cavalry. Thanks to the famous general Baihelan Chubin (transliteration) defeated the Turkic army with few defeats and defeated them with fewer defeats.

Bai Helan Chubin, who made unparalleled achievements, was suspicious of "Lao Ku" because of his prominent family background. He failed to enter the center and was transferred to the Western Front to deal with the Roman army.

The two countries have been in a long confrontation and the front line is relatively stable. Even famous generals in the world cannot make any breakthroughs without revealing their flaws. Bai Helan Chubin, who suffered a defeat shortly after taking office (not hurting his bones), received women's clothing from the King of Ten Thousand Kings.

Is this humiliation or a spur?

It is obvious that Bai Helan Chubin, who was born into a great noble family and made great contributions to the country but was excluded, considered it a great humiliation, so he rebelled and returned to attack the capital.

This battle actually led to the capital. The nobles overthrew the embarrassed "Ku Lao" and supported his son Kusahe (transliteration) to succeed the throne. Baihelan Chubin refused to let go and became the king of all kings himself.

The whole thing seems very simple, it is a rebellious general who invaded the capital and planned to usurp the throne. However, in such a large country, with so many armies, how could a general be successful?

It is obvious that the nobles were dissatisfied with the "Old Ku". When they saw someone step forward, they took the opportunity to put down the wrong things. The prince who supported him was useless, so they surrendered to the strong.

The Persian prince Kusahe, who was driven away, received the support of the Roman army sent by his father-in-law, and returned to his country to take revenge and defeat Baihelan Chubin. The Persian nobles did not hesitate to abandon the "rebels" and regarded Kusahe as the king of all kings.

Similar things also happened to Kusahe's father-in-law "Lao Mo".

A border army, led by a small leader similar to the leader of the Central Plains, was as if they were entering a state of no one when they marched towards the capital. In the end, they easily broke the city and killed the lord and usurped the throne.

Why?

Yuwen Weicheng believed that he was the great nobles of the Roman Kingdom, and the generals were dissatisfied with the monarch. The years of wars and heavy taxes also made the people complain. When they saw someone standing up, no matter the noble and the low, they were happy to stand by and watch the monarch die.

Two countries that are hostile to each other, two "Last Emperors", were both killed for similar reasons. Why is it so coincidental?

This is Yuwen Wen's question again, and Yuwen Weicheng's answer is also very direct: the hundreds of years of hostility between the two countries have put the two countries in a dead end.

In order to compete for the prosperous areas at the junction of the two countries, both sides were red-eyed. The nobles were looking forward to war because after winning the battle, they could plunder cities, obtain a lot of wealth, and abduct a large number of slaves. This is the benefit of war, which is the so-called ‘dividend’.

Years of war have made the people of the two countries increasingly burdened, and the military tug-of-war has made both countries unable to gain any advantage in general. As a result, the countries are exhausted, and the aristocrats in their respective homes do not get much benefits, and their dissatisfaction gradually rises.

The huge war expenses have made the country's finances less than their expenses. The monarch can only exploit the people on the one hand and borrow from nobles and rich people on the other hand. Then, when the creditor feels that the person who owes debts (the monarch) seems to be unable to repay the debt (the war obtains a lot of benefits), he will start to think about "changing people".

Under internal and external troubles, as long as there is a turbulent situation, the situation that will be as dangerous as a long time ago will naturally collapse, and the monarch is retaliated by raging anger.

Although the "Mo Lao" of the Roman Kingdom achieved peace with Persia, barbarians were still eyeing the northern border of the country, so the war could not stop, but due to the deterioration of finance, more and more people were dissatisfied.

This is where the "team leader" succeeded in rebelling and became the emperor.

Only when the two countries maintain peace for a long time can the monarch have the opportunity to ease domestic conflicts. However, the monarch wants peace, and those nobles, generals, and religious leaders who hope to make money in war will not agree.

Not to mention, the two countries themselves are also facing other border troubles, and the trees want to be quiet but the wind does not stop.

Yuwen Weicheng said it and finally concluded: If Persia and Rome continue to fight so endlessly, they will only lose both sides and be cheaper than other countries.

According to the Central Plains, it is like cranes and clams fighting each other, and the fisherman gains profit.

Who would be the fisherman? Yuwen Weicheng felt that if the dynasty could not destroy or curb the Western Turks, then the Western Turks, which bordered the northeastern Persia, would be very likely to become a fisherman.

Secondly, it was the Khanate of the northern border of Rome.

"Is there no third possibility?"

Yuwen Wen suddenly asked, Yuwen Weicheng was stunned when he heard this, subconsciously looked at the map, looking at the "Saraxon region" east of the "Africa General Administration" of the Roman state.

There is a large desert surrounded by sea on three sides, with oasis dotted in the desert, and the Saracens tribes live in it.

According to the report of the Nansi (Nanyang Trading Company), the Saracens tribes were brave and good at fighting, and they were not short of good horses, so...

In theory, it is indeed possible to become a fisherman.

"Father, the Saracen Desert is vast and has no grass to grow. It's hard to believe that these tribes can become fishermen..."

Yuwen Weicheng said slowly, carefully using words: "Just like the Cuan family in the South Central before, although the tribes must be good at fighting, what can the barren lands in the South Central Central do to the Central Plains?"

"The Turks are to Persia and Aval to Rome, just like Rouran, and the Turks are to the Central Plains. Once they seek opportunities, they will inevitably march straight into the city, siege the land, and do whatever they want."

"Even if the Cuan family in the South China had the strength to attack back then, at most they would only harass Yizhou and Jiaozhou areas. How could they have the opportunity to enter the Central Plains?"

The son's conclusion was reasonable and well-founded. Yuwen Wen nodded and looked at Yan Wang Yuwen Weihan: "Where is Dalang? Who do you think will be a fisherman?"

"The child also thought that if the Western Turks remained strong, they would be the first choice for fishermen, followed by the Aval Khanate. After all, several invasions are real things."

Yuwen Weihan answered seriously, not daring to have any flaws, so as not to be caught by his father and then counterattacked: "As for the Saracens tribe, it is just a united city-state in the desert, even if commerce is developed, what if it is?"

"What kind of climate can Sogdian city-states in the river and small countries in the Western Regions become?"

Also reasonable and well-founded, Yuwen Wen nodded, but asked again: "However, the fisherman's profit is to get a bargain. Once Rome and Persia fight to the point of losing both sides, the weak frontier tribes will have a chance."

Now it's Yuwen Weicheng's turn to 'attack': "If my father said that, Persia and Rome really had a loss-making situation. All the forces around the two countries have a chance, so it's hard to say."

Yuwen Wen was very happy that his son had his own opinions, so even if he knew the "correct answer" in history, he would not make any mistakes.

He taught his son today not to make "prophecy", but to improve his horizons.

He was so full that he sent troops to intervene thousands of miles away. Now, there is a better way to get Persia and Rome to truce and recuperate. Then Zhou can trade with these two major powers at the same time, make big money and subsidize finances.

Using "import and export trade" to drive domestic economic development is the most concerned issue of Yuwen Wen, because in order to support the reform, the court needs to invest a lot of money, and the expenses will increase. A stable and rapid profit-growing "import and export trade" will help maintain a healthy finance.

If Persia and Rome really achieved long-term peace, could properly regulate internal affairs, livelihood with the people, and enjoy the dividends of peace, then there would not be much chance of taking advantage of the Western Turks, Aval or Saracens in the future.

The first homework was completed successfully by both sons. Now, Yuwen Wen gave the second question, with the background being that Zhou Guo wanted to "preside over justice" and let Persia and Rome shake hands and make peace.
Chapter completed!